{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O343164"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O343164/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016HY8845/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016HY8845/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016HY8845","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016HY8846","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016HY8847","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O343164/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O343164","accessionNumber":"C.622&A-1921","objectType":"Cistern and stopper","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Earthenware figure of a bull painted under a clear glaze. He stands on an integral plinth. A stopper fits into a hole immediately behind the bull's horns. On the left side is a spout.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Mafra","id":"A30997"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[{"text":"glazing","id":"AAT53914"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Earthenware, painted and glazed","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Figures & Decorative ceramics","id":"THES48954"},{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2016HY8845","2016HY8846","2016HY8847"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES333940"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES333940"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"cistern","id":""}],[{"text":"stopper","id":"AAT45717"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Caldas da Rainha","id":"x45537"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1870","earliest":"1870-01-01","latest":"1870-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by H. M. Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"36","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"38.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"An anchor above 'M. MAFRA CALDAS / PORTUGAL', impressed","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""},{"content":"","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":".","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Exhibited at the London International Exhibition, 1871.\r\n\nManuel Cipriano Gomes (1831-1905) was born in a village near Mafra. In 1850, he moved to Caldas da Rainha, a spa town in central west Portugal known for ceramic making. He adopted the name Mafra and set up his workshop in 1853, having purchased the existing workshop of Maria dos Cacos, for whom he had at first worked. In about 1870, he gained royal patronage. In 1887, his son Edouardo Augusto joined the business for a time but left for a political career. Mafra died in 1905. The artisanal workshop specialised in zoomorphic vessels and wares inspired by the work of Palissy (France, 16th century). ","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Earthenware, modelled in the form of a bull standing on an integral plinth and painted under a clear glaze. Manuel Mafra, Caldas da Rainha, Portugal, 1870. A stopper fits into a hole immediately behind the bull's horns. On the left side is a spout. ","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"José Quieros, Ceramica Portuguesa, Lisbon, 1948"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Katz, Marshall P., 'Portuguese Palissy Ware', New York, 1999"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Cristina Ramos e Horta, 'Manuel Mafra 1829-1905' in 'Manuel Mafra: Mestre na Cerâmica das Caldas', Caldas da Rainha, Portugal, 2009"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Cristina Ramos e Horta, 'Manuel Mafra Ceramics in the Victoria and Albert Museum', in 'Artis: Revista de História da Arte e Ciências do Património', no.1, Portugal, 2013"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Cristina Ramos e Horta, 'Portuguese Ceramicist Manuel Mafra: Nature, Exoticism and Luxury' in Journal of the Decorative Arts Society, no.37, 2013"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.622-1921","C.622A-1921"],"accessionNumberNum":"622","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1921,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"H.M.C. Loan no.","id":"THES57872"},"number":"HMC.26"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-06","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}