{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O336452"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O336452/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CT0845/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CT0845/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CT0845","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BD6455","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KC2684","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O336452/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O336452","accessionNumber":"2864-1901","objectType":"Inkstand","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The Bow porcelain works in East London was probably the first factory in England to make porcelain on a commercial scale. Its founder partners applied for patents for porcelain manufacture in 1744 (specifically for making blue-and-white wares) and in 1749; and it was certainly in production by the later 1740s. Although it made a great variety of functional and ornamental wares, the factory also manufactured huge quantities of blue-and-white porcelains made in imitation of those imported from China. This competitive stance was signalled by the factory adopting the name ‘New Canton’. This referred to the Chinese trading base of the English East India Company, the ships of which brought vast quantities of Chinese porcelain to Britain. \n\nSix of these inkwells celebrating production at ‘New Canton’ survive, five dated 1750 and one dated 1751.They may have been made as gifts for special customers or as advertisements for the factory’s wares. Although the factory’s early, short-lived name clearly refers to China, the enamelled decoration on this inkwell is inspired by Japanese Kakiemon porcelains, which were greatly admired in late seventeenth and eighteenth century Europe. The most significant innovation of the Bow factory was the introduction of calcined bone ash, made by burning ox bones, as a strengthening and whitening ingredient in porcelain production. \n\nThis piece was originally in the Museum of Practical Geology, which was established to illustrate the practical applications of geology to daily life in 1835 and had formed a substantial collection of English ceramics as early as1855","physicalDescription":"Inkstand of soft-paste porcelain, cylindrical with flat top and a slight vertical rim surrounding the inkwell; the top has five holes for pens. The sides are painted in enamels with flowering <i>prunus</i> and other trees and bamboo fencing, in the style of Japanese Kakiemon ware. Round the top is the inscription \"MADE AT NEW CANTON 1751.\"","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Bow Porcelain Factory","id":"A1505"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"AAT25230"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"soft paste porcelain","id":"AAT10665"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"}],"styles":[{"text":"Kakiemon","id":"AAT18597"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2009CT0845","2006BD6455","2017KC2684"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"139","id":"THES49874"},"free":"","case":"A","shelf":"4","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Inkstand","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"No","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1751","earliest":"1751-01-01","latest":"1751-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology, Jermyn Street","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"4.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"10.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'MADE AT NEW CANTON 1751'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Round the top of the inkstand"}],"objectHistory":"Given by Mr. Brooks. Transferred from the Museum of Practical Geology, Jermyn Street,","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Inkstand, soft-paste porcelain, painted in enamels, made by Bow Porcelain Factory, England, 1751","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Honey, W. B., Old English Porcelain: a handbook for collectors. London: Faber & Faber, 1948.","id":"AUTH404427"},"details":"p. 85","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Dixon, Joseph Lawrence. <u>English porcelain of the eighteenth century</u>. London: Faber & Faber, 1952, Pl. 44 (a), pp. 24, 25 & 69."},{"reference":{"text":"Honey, W. B., English Pottery and Porcelain. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1947.","id":"AUTH403675"},"details":"p. 138","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"British Museum, <u>Bow porcelain, 1744-1776: a special exhibition of documentary material to commemorate the bicentenary of the retirement of Thomas Frye, manager of the factory and 'inventor and first manufacturer of porcelain in England,' Oct. 1959-Apr. 1960 </u>. London: The Trustees of the British Museum, 1959, Cat. No. 14."},{"reference":{"text":"Passion for Porcelain: masterpieces of ceramics from the British Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum.","id":"AUTH321139"},"details":"pp.184-185","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"prunus blossoms","id":"x42901"},{"text":"trees","id":"AAT132410"},{"text":"bamboo","id":"AAT11873"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["2864-1901"],"accessionNumberNum":"2864","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1901,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2021NA0060"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":false}}