{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O3297"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O3297/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM2694/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AM2694/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AM2694","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AM2693","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O3297/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O3297","accessionNumber":"C.19-1961","objectType":"Vase","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"<b>Object Type</b><br>This goblet-shaped vase is a purely decorative object.  Although made of glass, with its brilliant silvering and traditional pattern of engraved vine leaves and grapes it is nearest to the bright copper- or silver- lustred ceramic wares typical of north-eastern English potteries.  Despite its apparently practical shape, it would have been bought as a curiosity, possibly to impress its owner's visitors.<br><br>  <b>Materials & Making</b><br>The process of making double-walled silvered glass was patented by Edward Varnish and Frederick Hale Thompson in 1849.  A number of glassworks, such as that of James Powell & Sons of Whitefriars, London, made the blanks.  A stemmed vase or goblet shape was formed, with  the glass-blower stopping short of opening out the mouth.  Instead, the top of the vase, still sealed as a bubble-shape, was reheated and 'dropped' inwards to form a double-walled interior. This plain, undecorated vase was then supplied to E. Varnish & Co., where it was filled between the walls from the foot end with a solution of silver nitrate and glucose (in the form of grape juice).  The final stage was to seal the hole in the foot with a metal disc, in this example marked for Varnish's Patent. <br><br><b>Time</b><br>The silvered glass exhibited by E. Varnish & Co. fascinated commentators on the 1851 Great Exhibition. Varnish's salvers, vases, globes and goblets were bold in size and presentation, using non-tarnishing silver, ornamented with coloured casing, cutting and engraving. The process 'added a richness and beauty of colouring to that material of which few could deem it capable of receiving' (<i>Illustrated London News</i>).","physicalDescription":"One of a pair of vases, double-walled, silvered and engraved.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"James Powell & Son (Whitefriars Glassworks) Ltd","id":"A344"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"AAT25230"},"note":"probably"}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Silvered glass, engraved","categories":[{"text":"British Galleries","id":"THES48985"},{"text":"Glass","id":"THES48946"},{"text":"Vases","id":"THES48879"}],"styles":[{"text":"VICTORIAN","id":"x29321"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2006AM2694","2006AM2693"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"123 (VA)","id":"THES49217"},"free":"","case":"CA7","shelf":"","box":"3"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Vase","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1850-1860","earliest":"1850-01-01","latest":"1860-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"12.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"9.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions checked: Measured; 07/07/1999 by LH","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'Hale Thomson's Patent London'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"Makers's mark","note":"Makers's mark"}],"objectHistory":"Probably made by James Powell & Sons, Whitefriars Glassworks, London.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Vase, England (probably London), patent of Hale Thomson, attributed to J. Powell & Sons, 1849-1855, C.19-1961 and C.19 A-1961","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"British Galleries:\nDouble-walled silvered glass was a novelty that was very successful. Edward Varnish and Frederick Hale Thomson took out the main patent for the process in 1849. The effect was made by pouring a silvering solution between two walls of glass.","date":{"text":"03/27/2003","earliest":"2003-01-03","latest":"2003-12-03"}}],"partNumbers":["C.19-1961"],"accessionNumberNum":"19","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1961,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Glass gallery number","id":"THES50491"},"number":"0765"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LP6918","2019LP5645","2019LU7668"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"1997-12-13","availableToBook":false}}