{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O322101"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O322101/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BD7443/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BD7443/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BD7443","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5496","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5497","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5498","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5499","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5500","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5501","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011EM5502","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2010EC7896","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KT5878","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O322101/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O322101","accessionNumber":"293-1882","objectType":"Bass recorder","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"By about 1700 bass recorders were played in consort with tenor and treble recorders, and used by composers such as Henry Purcell (1659-1695) and Georg Friedrich Handel (1685-1759) to imitate birds singing, in addition to operatic love scenes and funerals. Pierre Jaillard Bressan (1663-1731), the maker of this instrument, moved from France to London in 1688. He made wood-wind instruments of the finest quality, and also ran a successful music publishing business.\r\n\r\nOn loan to the Horniman Museum.","physicalDescription":"'Stained fruitwood, in three joints, ivory mounted. The foot joint has a bulbous termination with a vent hole in the side and an ivory-lined lower socket into which a woden peg, now missing, may be inserted for resting the instrument on the floor while playing. A square brass key with a plain touch is mounted on the foot joint. This and the brass crook appear to be replacements of missing originals' - Anthony Baines:<i>Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments</i>(London, 1998), p. 85.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bressan, Pierre Jaillard","id":"A11851"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28690"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fruitwood","id":"AAT137731"},{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"},{"text":"brass","id":"AAT10946"}],"techniques":[{"text":"drilling","id":"AAT53151"},{"text":"turning","id":"AAT53158"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Turned and drilled and stained fruitwood joints, turned ivory mounts, and brass crook and key","categories":[{"text":"Musical instruments","id":"THES48919"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2006BD7443","2011EM5496","2011EM5497","2011EM5498","2011EM5499","2011EM5500","2011EM5501","2011EM5502","2010EC7896","2018KT5878"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LDHRN (LOAN)","id":"THES49081"},"free":"","case":"B","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Bass recorder","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"about 1700","earliest":"1700-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"Made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"108","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"total length without crook","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"90","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sounding length to upper edge of bell vent","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"3.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"bore of head at voicing","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"3.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"bore above main joint","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"2.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"bore below main joint","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"2.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"bore of peg socket","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions taken from Anthony Baines: <i>Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments.</i> (London, 1998), p. 85.","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"P.I./ Bressan","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Stamped on all three joints of the recorder"}],"objectHistory":"This instrument was bought for £3 by the Museum in 1882. It had been part of the collections of Carl Engel (1818-1882), an eminent musicologist from Hanover, who published the <i>Descriptive Catalogue of the Musical Instruments in the South Kensington Museum</i> in 1874. The South Kensington Museum was renamed the Victoria & Albert Museum in 1899.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Stained fruitwood, by P.J.Bressan, English, about 1700.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Anthony Baines: <i>Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria and Albert Museum - Part II: Non-keyboard instruments. </i> (London, 1998), p. 85\r\n\r\nThe instrument, one of three known bass recorders by Bressan, is described in the <u>Galpen Society Journal, VIII, 1955</u>, by E. Halfpenny, who has also published a biographical notice on the maker in <u>G.S.J., XII, 1959</u>."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["293-1882"],"accessionNumberNum":"293","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1882,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-02-12","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":false}}