{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O312052"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O312052/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GD0408/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GD0408/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GD0408","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O312052/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O312052","accessionNumber":"7847:1-1861","objectType":"Mortar","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"It is interesting to note that despite its low quality the mortar has been signed. The signature of Giuliano de' Navi also appears on a larger mortar with different rib decoration, signed with what appears to be his full name and dated 1490 and on two other mortars dated 1515, as well as several other extant examples. It is unusual for so many signed mortars from the same foundry to have survived, particularly of this early period, with two (and possibly two others) carrying the same dates. No other example of ribs with the same profile has been identified and their apparent application after casting is not the standard method of facture for mortars. This observation, coupled with the apparent lack of use of the mortar, raises questions about the authenticity of this piece, which must be considered as possibly 19th century.","physicalDescription":"This conical mortar has two scroll handles, and is surrounded with 14 projecting ribs. Around the rim is an inscription. The letters of the3 inscription were applied individually and the ribs are coarse and uneven. X-ray indicates that the ribs wre added after casting.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Mariotto de'Navi, Giuliano","id":"A28930"},"association":{"text":"sculptor","id":"x43862"},"note":"signed"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"bronze","id":"AAT10957"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Bronze","categories":[{"text":"Bronze","id":"THES49033"},{"text":"Food vessels & Tableware","id":"THES48952"},{"text":"Household objects","id":"THES48939"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2013GD0408"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES409768"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES409768"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Mortar","id":""}],[{"text":"Pestle","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Florence","id":"x28848"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1480","earliest":"1480-01-01","latest":"1480-12-31"},"association":{"text":"dated","id":"AAT54714"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"10.16","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"12.70","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"19.05","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"of pestle","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'OPVS . IVLIANI .DENAVI . FLORENTINI . MCCCCLXXX'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"'Work of Giuliano de'Navi of Florence, 1480'","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Bought, 2l. 8s.","historicalContext":"It is interesting to note that despite its low quality the mortar has been signed. The signature of Giuliano de' Navi also appears on a larger mortar with different rib decoration, signed with what appears to be his full name and dated 1490 and on two other mortars dated 1515, as well as several other extant examples. It is unusual for so many signed mortars from the same foundry to have survived, particularly of this early period, with two (and possibly two others) carrying the same dates. No other example of ribs with the same profile has been identified and their apparent application after casting is not the standard method of facture for mortars. This observation, coupled with the apparent lack of use of the mortar, raises questions about the authenticity of this piece, which must be considered as possibly 19th century.","briefDescription":"Mortar, bronze, Italy, Florence, signed Giuliano Mariotto de'Navi, dated 1480 but possibly a forgery from the 19th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Inventory of Art Objects Acquired in the Year 1861. <u>In</u>: <u>Inventory of the Objects in the Art Division of the Museum at South Kensington, Arranged According to the Dates of their Acquisition. Vol I</u>. London: Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., 1868, p. 26"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Motture, Peta. <u>Bells & Mortars. Catalogue of the Italian Bronzes in the Victoria and Albert Museum</u>. London, 2001, pp. 78-9, cat.no. 8."}],"production":"Possibly a forgery and from the 19th century","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["7847:1-1861","7847:2-1861"],"accessionNumberNum":"7847","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1861,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Mortar","Pestle"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-12","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}