{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O310948"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O310948/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FC2492/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FC2492/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011FC2492","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA4016","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O310948/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O310948","accessionNumber":"A.60-1923","objectType":"Snuff grater","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This snuff rasp was probably made in the Netherlands in about 1650.. It is carved in ivory with the Judgement of Solomon. The cover of this grater, in two parts, opens on a brass swivel to disclose the grater. A snuff rasp was used like a nutmeg grater for grating dried tobacco into snuff.  A perforated metal section was fixed inside the ivory cover for grating. Snuff taking was a popular pastime in Northern Europe for the wealthy and fashionable, many rasps were produced in Dieppe. There was the rumour that a regular dose of snuff would protect against the plague. The tobacco was grated from the solid tobacco roll known as a \"carotte\". The ivory carving on these rasps is often rather crude, while the subjects depicted, often mythological figures, or exotic ladies, are typical of decorative objects made from a rare and costly material to be sold as luxury good.\r\n","physicalDescription":"Snuff grater, carved in ivory with the Judgement of Solomon. The cover in two parts, opens on a brass swivel to disclose the grater.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Ivory and metal fixings","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Accessories","id":"THES48998"},{"text":"Personal accessories","id":"THES48912"},{"text":"Smoking accessories","id":"THES49036"},{"text":"Myths & Legends","id":"THES49005"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2011FC2492","2017KA4016"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"019","id":"THES395638"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Snuff Grater","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"probably Dieppe"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1750","earliest":"1745-01-01","latest":"1754-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mrs Ellen Hearn, Villa St Louis, Menton in 1923; this and other objects presented at the same time were labelled as the Alfred Williams Hearn gift.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"16","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Given by Mrs Ellen Hearn, in 1923; This and other objects presented at the same time were labelled as the Alfred Williams Hearn gift.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Snuff grater, ivory, the Judgement of Solomon, probably Netherlandish, c. 1650.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Longhurst, Margaret H. <font -u>Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory.</font> London: Published under the Authority of the Board of Education, 1927-1929, Part II, p. 81"},{"reference":{"text":"Trusted, Marjorie, <u>Baroque & Later Ivories</u>, Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 2013","id":"AUTH329728"},"details":"p. 415","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Trusted, Marjorie, <u>Baroque & Later Ivories</u>, Victoria & Albert Museum, London, 2013, p. 415, cat. no. 420 "}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Solomon","id":"N659"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"Judgement of Solomon","id":"V124"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"baby","id":"x38342"},{"text":"soldier","id":"AAT185678"},{"text":"woman","id":"x35642"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["A.60-1923"],"accessionNumberNum":"60","accessionNumberPrefix":"A","accessionYear":1923,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-24","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}