{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O307762"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O307762/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT0272/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT0272/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BT0272","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O307762/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O307762","accessionNumber":"C.8-1984","objectType":"Parrot","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"The famous Meissen modeller, J.J. Kändler is known to have visited the menagerie housed at the royal Saxon hunting palace of Moritzburg soon after his arrival at the porcelain factory in 1731.  There he was able to copy from life the exotic creatures kept in specialised enclosures.  The extensive aviaries allowed him to produce models of all kinds of parrots, parakeets and cockatoos, as well as birds of prey and game birds.  In addition to making his own drawings, Kändler is known to have used prints and drawings in the factory archives and mounted specimens to help him produce his life-like models.\r\n\r\nExotic birds and animals were admired for their rarity and beauty  in 18th century Europe, but were also highly prized as symbols of wealth.  Brightly coloured birds in particular were often included in murals and paintings as they were the subject of much fascination.","physicalDescription":"A hard-paste porcelain parrot, realistically modelled perched on a white tree stump bending down towards the applied leaves and nuts or seeds on the stump, its plumage painted in green, yellow, blue, puce and red enamels.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Kändler, Johann Joachim","id":"A6734"},"association":{"text":"modellers","id":"AAT25417"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Meissen porcelain factory","id":"A9173"},"association":{"text":"manufacturer","id":"x33306"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"hard paste porcelain","id":"AAT10663"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"moulded","id":"x30076"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"hard-paste porcelain, moulded and painted in enamel colours","categories":[{"text":"Porcelain","id":"THES48907"},{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2008BT0272"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"145 (VA)","id":"THES49865"},"free":"","case":"11","shelf":"1","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Parrot","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Meissen","id":"x35076"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1740","earliest":"1735-01-01","latest":"1744-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mrs O. J. Finney in memory of Oswald James Finney","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"15.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"16","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"head to wing tip","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Crossed swords","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Factory mark, inscribed in black or dark blue enamel on base"},{"content":"'2381'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painted in black"},{"content":"'12068'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Inscribed in pencil"}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"A hard-paste porcelain model of a parrot, realistically modelled by J.J. Kändler, made at the Meissen porcelain factory in Saxony (Germany), ca. 1740.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Röbbig, Gerhard, <u><i>Kabinettstücke, Die Meissener Porzellanvögel von Johann Joachim Kändler, 1706-1775</u></i>  Munich: Hirmer Verlag, 2006.  Catalogue of the exhibition of the same name, Amira-Palais, Munich, October-November, 2006.  See no. 22, pp. 132-133 for another example of the same model with less colourful plumage."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Hackenbroch, Yvonne. <u>Meissen and other continental porcelain, faience and enamel in the Irwin Untermyer collection</u>. Cambridge, Published for the Metropolitan Museum of Art by Harvard University Press, 1956, Fig. 9, Pl. 7."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"parrots","id":"x36571"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.8-1984"],"accessionNumberNum":"8","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1984,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":false}}