{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O297432"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O297432/"}},"images":null,"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O297432","accessionNumber":"M.223-2007","objectType":"Balustrade","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"These four demonstration panels of scrolling foliage in a reformed Gothic style and set within a continuous balustrade were probably intended as display samples for the International Exhibition of 1862.  It is thought that these panels were manufactured by John Hardman and Co. of Birmingham.\r\n\r\nJohn Hardman (1812 - 1867) was a member of prominent Roman Catholic family of Birmingham button manufacturers. In 1837 he met A.W.N. Pugin, with whom he developed a close friendship. On Pugin's suggestion, Hardman set up his own metalwork enterprise in 1838 named John Hardman & Co. William Powell, Hardman's brother-in-law, was his partner in the firm. They described themselves as 'Medieval Metalworkers' and produced ecclesiastical and domestic plate after designs in a rich Gothic style provided by Pugin. From 1845 the company also made stained glass to designs by Pugin, and later to designs provided by Pugin's only pupil, and Hardman's nephew, John Hardman Powell.","physicalDescription":"A series of four wrought iron panels of scrolling foliage in a reformed Gothic style, mounted as a continuous balustrade.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"John Hardman & Co.","id":"A9144"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":"possibly"}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"wrought iron","id":"AAT11012"}],"techniques":[{"text":"forging (metal forming)","id":"AAT54033"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Wrought iron","categories":[{"text":"Architectural fittings","id":"THES48994"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":[],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"007","id":"THES398038"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Balustrade","id":"AAT1989"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Birmingham","id":"x28748"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1862","earliest":"1862-01-01","latest":"1862-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Michael and Mariko Whiteway","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"274","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"No marks","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"These four demonstration panels of scrolling foliage in a reformed Gothic style and set within a continuous balustrade were probably intended as display samples for the International Exhibition of 1862.  It is thought that these panels were manufactured by John Hardman and Co. of Birmingham.","historicalContext":"John Hardman (1812 - 1867) was a member of prominent Roman Catholic family of Birmingham button manufacturers. In 1837 he met A.W.N. Pugin, with whom he developed a close friendship. On Pugin's suggestion, Hardman set up his own metalwork enterprise in 1838 named John Hardman & Co. William Powell, Hardman's brother-in-law, was his partner in the firm. They described themselves as 'Medieval Metalworkers' and produced ecclesiastical and domestic plate after designs in a rich Gothic style provided by Pugin. From 1845 the company also made stained glass to designs by Pugin, and later to designs provided by Pugin's only pupil, and Hardman's nephew, John Hardman Powell.","briefDescription":"Balustrade, (a series of exhibition panels),  wrought iron. England, Birmingham, about 1862.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"scrolling foliage","id":"AAT165387"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["M.223-2007"],"accessionNumberNum":"223","accessionNumberPrefix":"M","accessionYear":2007,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-15","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}