{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O280207"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O280207/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GV1999/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2013GV1999/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2013GV1999","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GV2000","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BB4681","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O280207/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O280207","accessionNumber":"C.14-1919","objectType":"Plate","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This plate is an example of <i>faience patriotique</i>, a type of French tin-glazed earthenware decorated with  images and mottos of the French Revolution (1789-99). Jugs, plates, bottles and other items with this type of decoration were made at pottery centres such as Rouen, Beauvais and Paris, but the vast majority, including  this plate, were made at Nevers. \r\nFaience manufacture was begun in Nevers by Domenique Conrade, from Savona, Italy, who founded his  pottery around 1578. Originally inspired by Italian maiolica the potters at Nevers turned to Chinese and  Persian ceramics for inspiration by the 17th century. In the 18th century Nevers also produced less  expensive, brightly coloured wares which reflected contemporary society and culture known today as <i>faience parlante</i> and <i>faience patriotique</i>. This <i>faience patriotique</i> plate reflects the popular political allegiances of those who bought and displayed such wares in their homes. \n<i>Vivre libre ou Mourir</i>  (Live free or Die) was a motto used during the French Revolution. The battlements shown on this plate are often mistakenly attributed to the Bastille, here the image represents the defense of the French homeland.","physicalDescription":"Plate of tin-glazed earthenware painted in colours. In the middle are two turrets with troops visible above the parapet, and a blue flag on one tower. On the ground is a cannon with the inscription 'Vivre libre ou Mourir' above. Wavy rim with formal borders in blue and yellow.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"tin glaze","id":"AAT233436"},{"text":"earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Tin-glazed earthenware painted in colours","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Earthenware","id":"THES48964"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2013GV1999","2013GV2000","2006BB4681"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"1","id":"THES263059"},"free":"","case":"CA11","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Plate","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Nevers","id":"x29027"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1790","earliest":"1785-01-01","latest":"1794-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Mrs Emmie Davis","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"229","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"01.08.12","earliest":"2012-08-01","latest":"2012-08-01"},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"30","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"01.08.12","earliest":"2012-08-01","latest":"2012-08-01"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'Vivre libre / ou Mourir'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Inscribed on the left of the turrets"}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Plate of tin-glazed earthenware painted in colours, Nevers, ca. 1790.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Histoire des faïences patriotiques sous la révolution \r\n\tChampfleury (François-Fé Husson)\r\n\tPublished 1867 by E. Dentu, Paris\r\n\tCh IX.\r\n"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Guilleme Brulon, Dorothee, Histoire de La Faience Francais: Lyon &amp; Nevers, Sources et rayonnement,  Editions  Charles Massin, Paris, 1997.\r\npp. 69-73.\r\n"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Exhibition catalogue, Ceramiques Revolutionnaires,  Roanne, Musee Dechelette, 1989. \r\nComparable example. Plate - catalogue number 374 (coll. L. Heitschell) with same battlement scene, same shape body, inscription '<b><i>1792 </i></b><i>/ vivre libre / ou mourir</i>', ornate border decoration. No place of manufacture given."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"french revolution","id":"V150"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"turrets","id":"AAT3632"},{"text":"soldiers","id":"AAT185678"},{"text":"cannon","id":"AAT36936"},{"text":"flag","id":"AAT195678"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[""],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.14-1919"],"accessionNumberNum":"14","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1919,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LM9426","2019LP7735","2019LU0351","2019LT9409"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":false}}