{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O256858"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O256858/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF2948/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF2948/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AF2948","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JW3166","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O256858/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O256858","accessionNumber":"A.12-1953","objectType":"Rosary bead","titles":[{"title":"Christ on the Cross and St James the Greater","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This oval jet bead depicts the full-length figure of St James (the patron Saint of Spain) and is made in Spain in Santiago de Compostela in ca. 1600-1700.\r\nThe prime function of jets seems to have been to signify that pilgrims had completed their journeys, and reached the shrine of St James at the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, which pilgrims did over the course of six hundred years, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century. Many seem to have formed beads of rosaries, like the present bead here.\r\nIn structure jet is a particularly dense type of coal, and can be carved and polished. Medicinal and indeed magical qualities were thought to be inherent in the substance from earliest times. Jet is found in different parts of Europe (as well as North America), but the two richest regions are the Asturias in northern Spain, and Whitby, Yorkshire, in North East England.","physicalDescription":"Oval bead carved on both sides, with a scalloped decoration around the edge, depicts on one side the full-length figure of St James, and on the other a stylised crucifixion. St James is shown as a pilgrim, bearded, and wearing a hat and knee-length robe, He holds a book and staff.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"jet","id":"AAT45514"}],"techniques":[{"text":"carving","id":"AAT53149"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Jet","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006AF2948","2017JW3166"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES396261"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Rosary bead","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Santiago de Compostela","id":"x32648"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1600-1700","earliest":"1600-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"5.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"4.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Given by Dr. W. L. Hildburgh, F. S. A., 1953.","historicalContext":"It was probably for a rosary.","briefDescription":"Rosary bead, jet, Crucifixion and St James the Greater, Spanish (Santiago de Compostela), about 1600-1700","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Trusted, Marjorie. <u>Spanish Sculpture. Catalogue of the Post-Medieval Spanish Sculpture in Wood, Terracotta, Alabaster, Marble, Stone, Lead and Jet in the Victoria and Albert Museum</u>, London, 1996, p. 145, cat. no. 73"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Saint James the Greater","id":"N446"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"pilgrim","id":"AAT107813"},{"text":"book","id":"AAT28051"},{"text":"staff","id":"x43994"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["A.12-1953"],"accessionNumberNum":"12","accessionNumberPrefix":"A","accessionYear":1953,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-03","recordCreationDate":"2009-06-24","availableToBook":true}}