{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O25014"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O25014/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AT1134/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AT1134/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AT1134","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JC0771","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JC0772","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O25014/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O25014","accessionNumber":"IS.76-1965","objectType":"Sculpture","titles":[{"title":"Surya","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Surya, the Sun God is represented holding a lotus (<i>padma</i>) in each hand and is accompanied by his two wives Pratyusha, the goddess of twilight, and Usha, the goddess of dawn, who drives away the darkness with her arrows.  The god stands frontally in an unflexed position (in <i>samabhnaga</i> posture) and has a circular halo.  He wears elaborate ornaments including a jewelled crown (<i>ratna mukuta),</i>necklace (hara), a sacred thread (<i>yajnopavita</i>), a band above his waist <i>(<i>udarabandha</i></i><i>),</i>a girdle round his hips (<i>katibandha)</i>, as well as rings on his fingers and toes, bracelets, armlets. earrings and anklets above and over the arches of his bare feet.  The<i> torana</i> comprises two pilasters with elaborate mouldings, each surmounted by a <i>makara </i>and rider from which three bands of decoration on either side spring to form a pointed arch with a <i><i>kirtimukha</i></i>at the apex.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Metamorphosed impure limestone","categories":[{"text":"Images Online","id":"THES48937"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Hinduism","id":"THES48941"}],"styles":[{"text":"Hoysala style","id":"x32250"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2006AT1134","2016JC0771","2016JC0772"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"E","id":"THES396676"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Figure","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Hassan District","id":"x35782"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"mid 13th century","earliest":"1225-01-01","latest":"1275-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"148","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"63.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"33","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Purchased  in 1965 from Mrs. G. Slazenger., owner of the Powerscourt estate in Co. Wicklow, Ireland.\n\nApart from the separate temples dedicated to Surya, he is also included in the Pancayatana system whereby the five principal Hindu deities, Visnu, Shiva, Durga, Ganesh and Surya are installed in one central and four subsidiary shrines.  Although Surya was still a major deity in the 12th and 13th centuries his importance began to diminish after this period.  Hoysala representations of Surya break from conventional iconography in the frequent absence of his seven horses and charioteer Aruna, and of his characteristic tall boots.  \r\n\n\n","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Figure of Surya, metamorphosed impure limestone, Hassan district, Karnataka, Deccan, mid-13th century.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"\"Viscount Powerscourt, <u>A Description and History of Powerscourt</u> , Mitchell and Hughes, London, 1903 \r\nFor  related image see Annual Report of the Mysore Archaeological Department, 1917, p.12 & Plate VII."}],"production":"Karnataka, Deccan, India","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Surya","id":"N944"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"archery","id":"AAT249162"},{"text":"archers","id":"x35784"},{"text":"elephant","id":"x30316"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Hinduism","id":"AAT73727"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["IS.76-1965"],"accessionNumberNum":"76","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1965,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-01","recordCreationDate":"2000-02-13","availableToBook":true}}