{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O24818"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O24818/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AK9826/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AK9826/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AK9826","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3720","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3729","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JT8677","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O24818/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O24818","accessionNumber":"IM.239-1927","objectType":"Figure","titles":[{"title":"Sitatara","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"copper","id":"AAT11020"},{"text":"turquoise","id":"AAT11164"},{"text":"lapis lazuli","id":"AAT11122"}],"techniques":[{"text":"gilded","id":"AAT53789"},{"text":"painted","id":"AAT161986"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted and gilded copper, with semi-precious stones, turquoise, imitation rubies and lapis lazuli","categories":[{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Buddhism","id":"THES48984"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"}],"styles":[{"text":"Malla","id":"AAT18828"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2006AK9826","2017KB3720","2017KB3729","2017JT8677"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"47A","id":"THES49797"},"free":"","case":"CA011","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Figure","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Nepal","id":"x30053"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"14th century","earliest":"1300-01-01","latest":"1399-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Lord Curzon of Kedleston","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"91","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"39.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"across hands","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"31.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"16","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"8","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"The goddess Tara was widely worshipped in Nepal and Tibet.  The cult was stimulated by Atisa, the Indian teacher who played a major role in stimulating Buddhism in Tibet in the 11th century.  Sitatara, the white Tara, has the lotus <i>(padma)</i> attribute and makes the gesture of preaching <i>(vyakhyanamudra)</i> with her raised hand, the other held in <i>varadamudra</i>, the gesture of the granting of wishes.  A third eye is indicated on her forehead.  This is a mild form of Tara, seen as the female manifestation of Avalokitesvara.  Prayers written in Tibetan were found inside the image, indicating that it had been venerated by Tibetans.","briefDescription":"White Tara (<i>Sitatara</i>), painted and gilded copper inset with semi-precious stones, turquoise, imitation rubies and lapis lazuli, Nepal. 14th century, Malla period","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"PUBLISHED, U von Shroeder, Indo-Tibetan Bronzes, 1981, pl.91G"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Orientations; vol. 40. no. 4; May 2009; The Robert H.N. Ho Family Foundation Gallery, Victoria & Albert Museum.\r\nCam Sharp Jones, Interpreting the Iconography of Tara in Sculptural form. p.66"},{"reference":{"text":"Creange, S., Slaczka A., Southworth W. and Wang, C. <i>Asian Bronze: 4000 Years of Beauty</i>, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, 2024.","id":"AUTH411635"},"details":"p. 157, Fig. 105","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Buddhism","id":"AAT73738"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"White Tara (Sitatara)\r\n1300–1400\r\nMalla period\r\nTara was widely worshipped in Nepal and Tibet. Rolled\r\nprayers written in Tibetan found within this image\r\nindicates that it was venerated by Tibetans. The goddess\r\nhas the attribute of the lotus above her left shoulder. She\r\nmakes the gesture of preaching (vyakhyana mudra) with\r\nher raised hand and holds her other hand in varada mudra,\r\nthe wish-granting gesture.\r\nPainted and gilded copper, with semi-precious stones, turquoise,\r\nimitation rubies and lapis lazuli\r\nNepal\r\nMuseum no. IM.239-1927\n\n","date":{"text":"14/06/2011","earliest":"2011-06-14","latest":"2011-06-14"}}],"partNumbers":["IM.239-1927"],"accessionNumberNum":"239","accessionNumberPrefix":"IM","accessionYear":1927,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-06-18","recordCreationDate":"2000-02-13","availableToBook":false}}