{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O224244"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O224244/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FH8667/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FH8667/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2012FH8667","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KR9690","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O224244/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O224244","accessionNumber":"T.754-1950","objectType":"Robe","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This surcoat is known as a <i>bufu</i> (literally, 'the robe with a badge'), worn over ceremonial or formal robes during ritual and court ceremonies during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911).\r\n\r\nThis particular example would have been worn by a prince, and ought to be distinguished from the Emperor's surcoat (the <i>gunfu</i>) or those worn by the Crown Prince (the <i>long gua</i>).   \r\n\r\nAccording to the <i>Huangchao Liqi Tushi</i> ('Illustrations of Imperial Ritual Paraphernalia'), the front roundel on an Emperor's <i>gunfu</i> must have the \"five-coloured clouds\", a <i>shou</i> (longevity) character above the front-facing five-clawed dragons, and symbols of the sun and the moon respectively in the roundels on each shoulder, to symbolise his authority in the cosmos to perform sacrifices. The roundels worn by the Crown Prince would not bear the <i>shou</i> character, nor the symbols of the sun and moon, but will have the clouds of five colours. These elements are absent from the roundels in this <i>bufu</i>, but the four roundels of front-facing dragons indicate that the robe would have been worn by one of the other imperial princes.","physicalDescription":"Surcoat of navy blue silk with four woven gold five-clawed dragon medallions and trimmed with sable. The coat has short straight sleeves and opens down the centre front. The skirts are split up to waist at the sides. It has gold buttons. The design also features four of the 'twelve symbols': Sun, Moon, Stars and Mountain. There is a narrow band of gold thread round the cuffs. The coat is lined with lemon yellow silk","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"silk textile","id":"AAT243428"},{"text":"metallic thread","id":"x30416"}],"techniques":[{"text":"weaving","id":"AAT53642"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Woven silk with metallic thread, lined with silk","categories":[{"text":"Textiles","id":"THES48885"},{"text":"Clothing","id":"THES48975"},{"text":"Formal wear","id":"THES48950"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2012FH8667","2018KR9690"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES301561"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Surcoat (gunfu)","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Hangzhou","id":"x40229"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1796-1850","earliest":"1796-01-01","latest":"1850-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by W. Llewellyn Jones","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"118.11","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"166.37","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"across shoulders","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"111.76","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"across hem","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"The Imperial Manufactory at Hangzhou was responsible for producing Imperial robes. The depiction of the five-clawed dragon resembles those depicted on the robes of the Emperor Jiaqing in Imperial portraits, and those on some other robes attributed to the Jiaqing reign, in the collection of the Palace Museum.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Surcoat, woven silk with metallic thread; lined with silk, possibly Hangzhou, 1796-1850","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Jiaqing or Daoguang Emperors' reign","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"dragons","id":"x30096"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["T.754-1950"],"accessionNumberNum":"754","accessionNumberPrefix":"T","accessionYear":1950,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-21","recordCreationDate":"2009-04-09","availableToBook":true}}