{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O223635"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O223635/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010ED2664/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010ED2664/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010ED2664","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2010ED2795","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2010ED2287","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O223635/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O223635","accessionNumber":"644-1889","objectType":"Kalian","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This ceramic vessel is the base of water-pipe for smoking tobacco, known as a \"kalian\". The fashion for smoking tobacco in Iran became fashionable in the 17th century. This base contained water and was fitted with two long metal pipes, one to a cup holding burning tobacco and the other a mouthpiece; the smoke from the tobacco was drawn through the water to cool it. These are also known as hookah, huqqa, qalian, qalyan qaliyan, narghile, shisha and hubble-bubble.","physicalDescription":"Hookah base (<i>Kalian</i>) of fritware, painted with flowers in blue under a clear glaze, the upper part fashioned to represent the face of a monkey.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware painted in underglaze blue","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2010ED2664","2010ED2795","2010ED2287"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137 (VA)","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"30","shelf":"7","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Hookah base","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1680-1720","earliest":"1680-01-01","latest":"1720-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"13.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"5.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"<i>Kalian</i> (water-pipe base) in the form of a seated monkey, fritware, painted in underglaze blue and black; Iran, 1680-1720.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Crowe, Yolande, <u>Persia and China: Safavid Blue and White Ceramics in the Victoria & Albert Museum (1501-1738)</u> (London : Thames and Hudson, 2002): cat. no. 503, p.275."}],"production":"Register","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"flowers","id":"x35571"},{"text":"monkey","id":"x30136"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["644-1889"],"accessionNumberNum":"644","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1889,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-04-08","availableToBook":false}}