{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O220997"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O220997/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BV0712/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BV0712/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BV0712","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2014GY0426","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O220997/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O220997","accessionNumber":"437-1887","objectType":"Kalian","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"A kalian is an oriental tobacco pipe with a long flexible tube connected to a container where the smoke is cooled by passing through water. They are also known as a hookah, huqqa, qalian, qalyan, qaliyan, narghile, shisha, and a hubble-bubble.","physicalDescription":"Kalian, or hookah base, decorated with pairs of horned deer, leaves and fruit painted in reserve with black outline against blue ground with black hatching. Brass mount added in Qajar Iran, ca.1800-1825. Signed Khwaja Muhammad on the base.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"},{"text":"brass (alloy)","id":"AAT10946"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"engraved","id":"AAT53829"},{"text":"mounted","id":"AAT81370"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware painted in underglaze cobalt blue and chromium black, with engraved brass mount","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Smoking accessories","id":"THES49036"}],"styles":[{"text":"Safavid","id":"AAT21712"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2008BV0712","2014GY0426"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137 (VA)","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"28","shelf":"3","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Kalian, or hookah base","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"produced","id":"x30771"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1650-1700","earliest":"1650-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"date":{"text":"1800-1825","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1825-12-31"},"association":{"text":"mounted","id":"AAT81370"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"31.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"19.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Kar-e Khwaja Muhammad","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"The work of Khwaja Muhammad","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Painted on the base"}],"objectHistory":"The dish C.1974-1910 has a similar signature under the base. It should read: \"Kha Haji Muhammed\", \"work of Haji Muhammed\". (Mr. R.W. Skelton, 12/04/1961)","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Kalian (water-pipe base), fritware underglaze-painted in cobalt blue with black outline, Iran, 1650-1700. Brass mount added in Qajar Iran, early 19th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Crowe, Yolande. Persia and China. Safavid blue and white ceramics in the Victoria and Albert Museum 1501-1738. London: Thames & Hudson, 2002. ISBN 0-9538196-1-2"}],"production":"Register","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"antelope","id":"x30172"},{"text":"leaves","id":"x34654"},{"text":"fruit","id":"AAT11868"},{"text":"deer","id":"x29392"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["437-1887"],"accessionNumberNum":"437","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1887,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-21","recordCreationDate":"2009-04-06","availableToBook":false}}