{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O211393"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O211393/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2007BM1772/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2007BM1772/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2007BM1772","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2014GY0415","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O211393/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O211393","accessionNumber":"421-1878","objectType":"Kalian","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This ceramic vessel is a ‘kalian’ or base for a water-pipe used in the newly introduced practice of smoking tobacco. It held the water through which the smoke was drawn to cool it through a long flexible tube connected to a container through two holes. They are also known as a hookah, huqqa, qalian, qalyan, qaliyan, narghile, shisha, and a hubble-bubble.","physicalDescription":"Kalian, or hookah base, decorated with interlocking pattern of red slip-painted interlace contrasting with blue leaves in Chinese style, and below this lie horizontal bands of red slip and blue. Imitation Chinese tassel mark in blue.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"}],"techniques":[{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware, painted in red slip and underglaze blue","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Smoking accessories","id":"THES49036"}],"styles":[{"text":"Safavid","id":"AAT21712"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2007BM1772","2014GY0415"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137 (VA)","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"28","shelf":"3","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Kalian, or hookah base","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Kerman (city)","id":"x32855"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1650-1700","earliest":"1645-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"31.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"21","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Kalian (water-pipe base), fritware, underglaze-painted in cobalt blue with red slip; Iran, 1650-1700.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"\"Kirman Polychrome\"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"flowers","id":"x35571"},{"text":"foliation (pattern)","id":"AAT165104"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["421-1878"],"accessionNumberNum":"421","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1878,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-03-27","availableToBook":false}}