{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O192882"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O192882/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2146/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2146/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CA2146","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O192882","accessionNumber":"E.2437-1991","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"Public Against Violence","type":"generic title"},{"title":"Pro-democracy Poster Collection","type":"named collection"}],"summaryDescription":"Public Against Violence (VNP) was the Slovak equivalent of the Civic Forum opposition movement in Prague. It was found in Bratislava on the same evening as Civic Forum, the 19th of November 1989, by Slovak actor Milan Knažko, performer Ján Budaj and sociologist Fedor Gál.  The VPN movement was active from 1989 until the 5th of March 1991 when it split off into the Movement for Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) with Vladimír Meciar as its political leader and the Civic Democratic Union (ODÚ-VPN) led by Fedor Gál. The HZDS won the elections in 1992. The Civic Democratic Union (ODÚ-VPN) dissolved in November 1992 after losing public support. \r\n\r\nSlovak designer Karol Rosmány created the VPN logo as a hand-painted initial letter ‘V’ in the Slovak national tricolour (blue, red and white). It recalls ‘velvet revolution’ graffiti\r\npainted quickly on city walls and hung on banners from shop windows. The letter ‘V’ is a well-known symbol for ‘Victory’ and was often appeared as a hand gesture during the mass demonstrations in November 1989. \r\n\r\n\r\nDesigned, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia","physicalDescription":"Poster","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Rosmány, Karol","id":"A25784"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Public Against Violence","id":"A24703"},"association":{"text":"issued by","id":"x36339"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"printing ink","id":"AAT187371"}],"techniques":[{"text":"printing","id":"AAT53319"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Screenprint in blue and red printed on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Propaganda","id":"THES48902"},{"text":"Politics","id":"THES48908"},{"text":"Posters","id":"THES252963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2009CA2146"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"79","box":"E"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"poster","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Slovakia","id":"x36770"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1989","earliest":"1989-01-01","latest":"1989-12-31"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Sophie Grillet","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"83.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"58.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Poster by Cislo Povolenia, Czechoslovakia, 1989, RF 92/568","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Designed, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.2437-1991"],"accessionNumberNum":"2437","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1991,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-25","availableToBook":false}}