{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O192527"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O192527/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT4837/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BT4837/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BT4837","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London/Herbert W. Franke","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O192527","accessionNumber":"E.100-2008","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Analog-Grafik P2 (Pendular Oscillogram)","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Herbert Franke made his ‘electronic graphics’ using an analogue computer, a forerunner of the digital computer, and a cathode-ray oscillograph to convert the electronic signals into images.  His fellow student, Dr. Franz Raimann, built Franke a simple analogue device that could calculate multiple plane curves. Franke used a cathode-ray oscillograph as his output device. This apparatus had a screen diameter of 5cm and produced blurred lines. To enhance his images Franke darkened the room and moved a camera to and fro to capture the photographic images. In doing so he was able to fan out the line figures. Between 1955 and 1956 he titled his works made using this technique ‘pendular oscillograms’.\n\r\nThe photograph was used as a basis for a transfer to a silkscreen print which was exhibited at the 1970 Venice biennale.\r\n","physicalDescription":"Black and white silkscreen print, mounted on board, from a photograph of an electronic oscillation taken from the screen of a cathode ray tube.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Franke, Herbert W.","id":"A21803"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper (fiber product)","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"printing ink","id":"AAT187371"}],"techniques":[{"text":"silkscreen print","id":"x39213"},{"text":"electronic imaging","id":"AAT202375"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Screenprint mounted on board","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Computer Art","id":"THES49037"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2008BT4837"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"3H","shelf":"24","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"print","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Germany","id":"x28873"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1970","earliest":"1970-01-01","latest":"1970-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"The analog computer graphic was created in 1955. The silkscreen was printed in 1970"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by the Computer Arts Society, supported by System Simulation Ltd, London","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"64.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"48.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Historical significance: This print is after a photograph from a series entitled 'Pendular Oscillogrammes'.  Dating from the mid 1950s, the series demonstrated a pioneering use of machinery in the creation of graphics.  The images were achieved by moving the camera across the display screen whilst taking the photograph.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Black and white silkcreen print from a photograph of 'Analog-Grafik', 1970 (original photograph 1955), by Herbert W. Franke.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Herzogenrath, Wulf and Nierhoff-Wielk, Barbara, eds. Ex-Machina - Frühe Computergrafik bis 1979. Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2007. ISBN 978-3-422-06689-2. p.339 (cat. 69), ill."}],"production":"This screenprint is after a photograph of an electronic oscillation. The photograph dates from 1954/55.\n\nAttribution note: The original electronic oscillation was produced using a bespoke analog computing system. The output device was a cathode ray tube, with a screen diameter of 5cm.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.100-2008"],"accessionNumberNum":"100","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2008,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Previous owner's number","id":"THES57329"},"number":"CAS/A/0039"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-24","availableToBook":false}}