{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O191524"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O191524/"}},"images":null,"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O191524","accessionNumber":"E.2581-1990","objectType":"Photogram","titles":[{"title":"Rayograph","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Man Ray was an artist of enormous international standing, who worked in many media including photography. He began to make rayographs when he moved to Paris in 1921. Rayograph was Man Ray's name for photogram, a type of photograph made without a camera or a lens. To make photograms, objects are placed onto light-sensitive paper and then exposed to light.  The light areas of the print are where objects have rested on the paper and stopped light exposing the paper.\r\nThis technique appealed to Man Ray because the process was automatic, and this fitted into Surrealist thought and practice.  It represents ordinary objects in an ambiguous way, capturing their forms and shadows rather than describing their structural or tactile qualities. Almost flat objects appear as almost flat forms, but where the shadow is shown, as with the matchbox, the object is not so easily recognisable. By concentrating on the play of light and shadow, the most familiar of everyday objects take on a strange and unexpected character.","physicalDescription":"A black and white 'rayograph' depicting an abstract composition.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Man Ray","id":"A6171"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"photographic paper","id":"AAT14190"}],"techniques":[{"text":"gelatin silver","id":"AAT139114"},{"text":"photogram","id":"x47168"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Photogram or 'rayograph' printed ca. 1964 from an original made between 1921-1928","categories":[{"text":"Photographs","id":"THES48910"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":[],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"X","shelf":"970","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"photogram","id":"AAT127296"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Europe","id":"x28842"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1964","earliest":"1959-01-01","latest":"1968-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"later print from original print or negative made between 1921-1928"}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"Circ.705-1964","id":"O1102051"},"association":"Version"}],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"29","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"21.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions taken from <u>Victoria and Albert Museum Department of Prints, Drawings and Paintings Accession Register for 1990</u>","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Photogram by Man Ray, 'Rayograph', gelatin-silver print, printed ca. 1964 from an original made between 1921-1928","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Thrall Soby, James ed. <u>Man Ray : photographs, 1920-1934, Paris</u>. New York: Hartford, 1934).","id":"AUTH332478"},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Victoria and Albert Museum Department of Prints, Drawings and Paintings Accession Register for 1990</u>"}],"production":"A rayograph (or photogram) is a type of photograph made without a camera or a lens. Objects are placed onto light-sensitive paper and then exposed to light. The paper is developed and fixed after exposure. The light areas of the print are where objects have rested on the paper and stopped light exposing the paper.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.2581-1990"],"accessionNumberNum":"2581","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1990,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-11","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-23","availableToBook":false}}