{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O190156"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O190156/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9330/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9330/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BR9330","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O190156/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O190156","accessionNumber":"1012-1905","objectType":"Kalian","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This ceramic vessel is a ‘kalian’ or base for a water-pipe used in the newly introduced practice of smoking tobacco. It held the water through which the smoke was drawn in order to cool it using a long flexible tube connected to a container through two holes. They are also known as a hookah, huqqa, qalian, qalyan, qaliyan, narghile, shisha, and a hubble-bubble.","physicalDescription":"Kalian or base for a water pipe (hookah) of fritware, of ovoid shape, and pierced with a hole on the top and another smaller on the upper shoulder, and covered in rust-coloured wash and painted in white slip, and centered around the upper orifice with a six-pointed star terminating in shield-shaped palmettes filled in with arabesques, and covered in a thin clear matte glaze, possibly misfired.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"},{"text":"slip","id":"AAT10459"},{"text":"glaze","id":"AAT15091"}],"techniques":[{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"pierced","id":"AAT231153"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware, slip-painted, glazed","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[{"text":"Safavid","id":"AAT21712"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2008BR9330"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"31","shelf":"3","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Kalian","id":""}],[{"text":"Water-pipe","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1625-1675","earliest":"1625-01-01","latest":"1675-12-31"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by C. M. Marling, Esq.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"17.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"15.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Kalian (water-pipe base), fritware, ovoid with a pierced opening on the top and shoulder, covered with reddish-brown glaze and painted in white slip; Iran, 1625-1675.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"arabesque","id":"AAT10206"},{"text":"star","id":"AAT9811"},{"text":"palmette","id":"AAT9995"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["1012-1905"],"accessionNumberNum":"1012","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1905,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-19","availableToBook":false}}