{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O188801"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O188801/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JY6303/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2017JY6303/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2017JY6303","copyright":"©Victoria & Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O188801","accessionNumber":"E.366-1990","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"Bureaucracy","type":"manufacturer's title"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Poster depicting a worker and a farmer holding a hammer and sickle, shackled by manacles spelling the word 'bureaucracy'.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Mazruho, M","id":"A38024"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Efimovsky, E","id":"A38025"},"association":{"text":"author","id":"AAT25492"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Battling Pencil","id":"A37883"},"association":{"text":"design studio","id":"x30784"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Artists of the RSFSR","id":"A37886"},"association":{"text":"publishers","id":"AAT25574"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"printing inks","id":"x30571"}],"techniques":[{"text":"offset lithography","id":"AAT192900"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Colour offset lithograph","categories":[{"text":"Politics","id":"THES48908"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2017JY6303"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"75","box":"E"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"posters","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Russia","id":"x29110"},"association":{"text":"Published","id":"x30682"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Moscow","id":"x32457"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Saint Petersburg","id":"x29178"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1989","earliest":"1989-01-01","latest":"1989-12-31"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Peggy vance","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"43.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"33","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"logo of the Battling Pencil","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""},{"content":"They sent our directions - Advance! At great speed! But thwarted all initiative on the spot","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Verse in Russian printed in the bottom right-hand corner of the poster"}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"Seventh poster in ‘Prerestroika [restructuring]  For and Against’ portfolio.  It illustrates a worker and a farmer holding the hammer and sickle symbols of communism. They look upwards showing their willingness to move with the times, but they are imoblised by manacles that spell out the word 'bureaucracy'. \r\n\r\nThe portfolio contains a series of 25 satirical posters by a group of Leningrad artists known as ‘Battling Pencil’ on the theme of the struggle to restructure communism in the new political atmosphere under the regime of Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachov (b.1931), appointed general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party in 1985, with text and images edited by A.M Murtov and V.I. Kiunap respectively.  Each poster is composed of an image with an accompanying verse in the tradition of the Russian lubok.","briefDescription":"Poster by the Battling Pencil group from a portfolio of 24 entitled 'Perestroika For and Against'.  Russia, 1989.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Attribution note: published in a print run of 5,000","productionType":{"text":"Mass produced","id":"THES48863"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"Hammer and Sickle","id":"x39611"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"bureaucracy","id":"x47251"},{"text":"Perestroika","id":"x47250"},{"text":"communism","id":"AAT55519"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.366-1990"],"accessionNumberNum":"366","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1990,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-18","availableToBook":false}}