{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O188705"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O188705/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2157/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2157/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CA2157","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O188705","accessionNumber":"E.270-1990","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"Gloria in Excelsis. Civic Forum!","type":"generic title"},{"title":"Pro-democracy Poster Collection","type":"named collection"}],"summaryDescription":"This poster produced soon after the collapse of communist government in Czechoslovakia is a jubilant celebration of the ‘velvet revolution’ and of the Civic Forum, one of the opposition organisations that led the Revolution. It employs the iconography of the comet as a symbol of hope and a harbinger of momentous events. This comet marks the propitious birth of a new Czechoslovakia with the ‘OF’ logo of Civic Forum (Obcanské Fórum) glowing at its heart. It is one of a  number of ‘Christmas posters’ issued in December 1989 that incorporate religious imagery, signalling an end to the oppression of religion and linking the Civic Forum with moral values.\r\n\r\nDesigned, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia","physicalDescription":"Poster","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Benes, Pavel","id":"A17119"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Polygrafia","id":"A25769"},"association":{"text":"printers","id":"x31107"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"printing ink","id":"AAT187371"}],"techniques":[{"text":"printing","id":"AAT53319"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Lithograph in yellow and purple printed on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Printed pages & sheets","id":"THES48904"},{"text":"Politics","id":"THES48908"},{"text":"Posters","id":"THES252963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2009CA2157"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y79","shelf":"E","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"posters","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Czech Republic","id":"x29585"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1989","earliest":"1989-01-01","latest":"1989-12-31"},"association":{"text":"designed and printed","id":"x37573"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Christopher Wilk","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"56.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"80.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"'Gloria in Excelsis', Pavel Benes for Občanské Fórum; Prague, 1989","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Designed, printed and published in former Czechoslovakia","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"This poster is a jubilant celebration of the Velvet Revolution that brought about the collapse of the Communist government in Czechoslovakia in 1989. The comet, marking the birth of the new democracy, is a symbol of hope and portent. Glowing at its heart is the ‘OF’ logo of the Občanské Fórum (Civic Forum), the main opposition organisation that led the revolution. \r\n\r\nA World to Win: Posters of Protest and Revolution, V&A, Galleries 88a and 90, (1 May-2 Nov 2014)","date":{"text":"01/05/2014-02/11/2014","earliest":"2014-05-01","latest":"2014-11-02"}}],"partNumbers":["E.270-1990"],"accessionNumberNum":"270","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1990,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-18","availableToBook":false}}