{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O188222"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O188222/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9416/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9416/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BR9416","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JY7609","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O188222/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O188222","accessionNumber":"2508-1876","objectType":"Kalian","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This ceramic vessel is a ‘kalian’ or base for a water-pipe used in the newly introduced practice of smoking tobacco. It held the water through which the smoke was drawn in order to cool it using a long flexible tube connected to a container through two holes. They are also known as a hookah, huqqa, qalian, qalyan, qaliyan, narghile, shisha, and a hubble-bubble.","physicalDescription":"Kalian or the base of a hookah or waterpipe, fritware, of pear shape with flaring knopped neck, and opening on the shoulder, covered in a celadon wash and painted with white slip with flowers and arabesques, under a clear glaze.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"fritware","id":"x29419"},{"text":"slip","id":"AAT10459"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Fritware, painted, glazed","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Islam","id":"THES48932"}],"styles":[{"text":"Safavid","id":"AAT21712"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"MES","id":"THES48607"},"images":["2008BR9416","2017JY7609"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137 (VA)","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"3","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Kalian","id":""}],[{"text":"Water pipe base","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Iran","id":"x30220"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"17th century","earliest":"1600-01-01","latest":"1700-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"29.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"20.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Kalian (water-pipe base), fritware, celadon ground with white painted designs; Iran, 1640-70.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"flowers","id":"x35571"},{"text":"arabesques","id":"AAT10206"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["2508-1876"],"accessionNumberNum":"2508","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1876,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2009-02-17","availableToBook":false}}