{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1807227"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1807227/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2025PH3796/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2025PH3796/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2025PH3796","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1807227/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1807227","accessionNumber":"E.608:5-2024","objectType":"Pattern book","titles":[{"title":"China Patterns","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"A page depicting two landscape patterns with gothic architecture for a china saucer, completed in pink watercolour. In the centre there is a drawing of a conch shell in black ink. Bound in brown leather with metal clasps and marbled endpaper.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Rockingham Ceramic Factory","id":"A9205"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Brameld & Co.","id":"A19040"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper (fiber product)","id":"AAT14109"},{"text":"Pen and ink","id":"x30618"},{"text":"Watercolour","id":"AAT15045"}],"techniques":[{"text":"Drawing (image-making)","id":"AAT54196"},{"text":"Watercolour painting","id":"THES250889"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour, pen and ink on paper","categories":[],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2025PH3796"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"SB5","shelf":"SH6","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Pattern book","id":"AAT26131"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"South Yorkshire","id":"x29442"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1825-1830","earliest":"1820-01-01","latest":"1830-12-31"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Donated by Dr. Angela R.C. Pack MNZM, in memory of her mother Mary Bower Pack (née Creighton) and in honour of their forebears who manufactured Rockingham  China until 1942.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"242","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Dimension of volume","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"180","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Dimension of volume","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"230","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"160","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"No. 394, No. 395, Teas, Teas, 2 landscapes in saucer, no lines, His breadth (in pencil inside bottom design), (partially rubbed inscription to left edge of page) landscape… line (or fine).","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Handwritten in ink"}],"objectHistory":"The album was owned by the  family of Isaac Baguley (c.  1794-1859), a former artist at  the Works","historicalContext":"These two subtle watercolor landscape drawings are part of a series of designs for Rockingham’s china patterns, specifically for saucers. Between these two patterns is also a quick ink study of a conch shell, potentially meant to be a center design for the top landscape, which appears to be arranged around the rim of the saucer rather than in the center as the landscape below. The inscription “two landscapes in saucer” indicates that another landscape would have mirrored the first on the other half of the plate. A similar example of this can be seen in an earthenware plate by Spode which has three landscapes around the rim and one in the center.\r\n\r\nThe first landscape resembles the gateway to Roche Abbey near Maltby. As countryside ruins were popular places to visit during this period, it was a common motif on pottery and porcelain. Another example of this can be seen in an early Swinton design currently held in the Clifton Park Museum. However, it differs drastically in style from the Rockingham design. The inscription at the top right corner which reads “no line”, indicates that this would have remained a soft and loose landscape, which differs from the crisp and highly naturalistic version Swinton produced earlier.\r\n\r\nA plate estimated to have been made in the third decade of the 19th century, and attributed to Leeds (Hartley Green & Co.), greatly resembles the monochrome and soft style of the Rockingham/Swinton designs. The influence on Rockingham could be attributed to the partnership with Leeds that lasted two decades until 1806, however, as porcelain was still not being produced at Swinton beyond experimentation until 1826, it is more likely that this motif was popular with many Yorkshire factories later. A desire to compete with the likes of Leeds and highlight a local landmark likely influenced this design. Indeed, this is not a new style either, as early Worcester wares from the 1760s were also utilizing similar monochrome painted landscapes in their plates. English factories were not unique for these designs either. Monochrome-painted landscapes on porcelain were being produced by Vincennes, such as this glass cooler painted with camaïeu pourpre (purple/carmine). Pieces like this were painstakingly painted to mimic the etchings of the 17th century.35 A similar depth has been achieved which greatly resembles the watercolor designs of Rockingham.\r\n\r\nThe bottom landscape design is a centerpiece surrounded by a bold black line. An inscription stating “This breadth” seems to indicate that the thicker option should be used. Similar pieces by Brameld have been found to be part of a series called “Romantic Landscapes”. The orientation seems identical; however, the most obvious difference is the technique used. This series has been created with the transfer-printing method in black. Although the subject matter and composition is related, these are much bolder and have less depth than the Rockingham design.\r\n\r\nAs these differing examples show both painted and printed techniques, it begs the question whether these Rockingham designs were meant to be one or the other. As the designer took the time to paint them, it leans to it being a painting design in the style of Vincennes and later Leeds/Worcester designs. As other designs in this album have flagged specific wares as being for printing without including the said printed design, it seems odd that this one would be meant for printing as well. Since emphasis has been placed on the softness of the landscape and the atmospheric depth, these were most likely intended to be hand painted designs.\r\n\r\nStella Koslowski","briefDescription":"A page of two patterns for china depicting landscapes with gothic architecture, bound within a pattern book containing designs for Brameld painted earthenware c.1810-30 and Rockingham Porcelain Tea and  Dessert Ware c. 1825-30, watercolour, pen and ink on paper, Great Britain.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Koslowski, Stella. Creativity, Innovation and Patronage: A Catalog of Rockingham Designs at the Victoria and Albert Museum. London: Sotheby’s Institute of Art, 2025.","id":"AUTH411724"},"details":"pp. 53-54.","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.608:5-2024"],"accessionNumberNum":"608","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2024,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-02-11","recordCreationDate":"2025-07-31","availableToBook":false}}