{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O179279"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O179279/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BW1280/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BW1280/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BW1280","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London/Josef Albers","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O179279","accessionNumber":"E.17-1994","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Interim","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Josef Albers became one of the most influential artists of the 20th century avant-garde.\r\nHe is best known for his later works, but his systematic presentation of spatial ambivalence and paradox, made through endless variations on geometric themes and juxtapositions of colour,  went through many  articulations before he arrived at his characteristic, hard-edged rectangles within rectangles of flat colour.  \r\n\r\nThroughout the 1940s, while teaching. at Black Mountain College in California, he made frequent trips to Mexico. He was inspired by the architecture and artefacts seen there and absorbed their abstract, formal qualities into his prints made during the 1940s. After experimenting with modulated line, in a series of drypoints, Albers went on to make a series of lithographs collectively titled 'Graphic Tectonic' with very precise linear structures but, which through repeated and closely drawn parallel lines, and the use of right-angles, create powerfully ambiguous visual illusions of space and volume. Through this group of lithographs Albers can be seen as an Op Artist  long before the term was coined in the 1960s","physicalDescription":"An abstract geometric pattern made up of interlinked rectangular shapes with their longer sides vertical. The whole is set within a 'portrait' rather than 'landscape' format. The interlinking of the rectangles and changes of planes - from surface to receding etc - within the pattern, is articulated by closely drawn parallel lines; these are in three different widths, with repetition of the same width for five lines or more. The lines create spatial ambiguity within the overall pattern","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Albers, Josef","id":"A6763"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"colour printing ink","id":"x35423"},{"text":"card","id":"x30344"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Lithograph on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"}],"styles":[{"text":"Abstract, perceptual","id":"AAT22195"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2008BW1280"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLE","id":"THES49657"},"free":"","case":"MP","shelf":"251","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"print","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"USA","id":"x29333"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1942","earliest":"1942-01-01","latest":"1942-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"E.18-1994","id":"O179310"},"association":"Set"},{"object":{"text":"E.19-1994","id":"O179319"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"E.20-1994","id":"O179335"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"E.21-1994","id":"O179341"},"association":""}],"creditLine":"Given by the Josef Albers Foundation","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"19.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"printed surface","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"28.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"printed surface","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"48","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"60.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Albers 42  Interim\r\n30/30","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"signed and dated in pencil;  inscribed with title and edition number."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Josef Albers: lithograph: Interim. From the group of 8 plates 'Graphic Tectonic. 1942","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"François Bucher (with captions by Albers); Despite Straight Lines. New Haven and London, 1961. illus. pp19-31\r\nEugen Gomringer:  Josef Albers.  New York 1968. p.75-6. illus. pp 84-90\r\nWerner Spies:  Josef Albers. Stuttgart, 1971. p.36. illus. pp30-32\r\nGetulio Alviani: Josef Albers. Milan, 1988. illus. plates 70-77"}],"production":"One of a group of eight plates collectively titled 'Graphic Tectonic' . The museum has five of the eight.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"ambiguity, spatial","id":"x43510"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.17-1994"],"accessionNumberNum":"17","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1994,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"30/30","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-07","recordCreationDate":"2008-12-12","availableToBook":false}}