{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O17760"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O17760/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JL5754/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2016JL5754/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2016JL5754","copyright":"courtesy of The Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AY6123","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA4411","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA0570","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KA0578","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3817","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018LC3872","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018LC3855","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O17760/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O17760","accessionNumber":"269A-1886","objectType":"Column","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This is one of four columns, two of them supported by lions, which probably supported a raised pulpit (or ambo). The ornament includes figures of the prophets Jeremiah and Zachariah, believed to have foretold the Coming of Christ and his Passion. Also represented are St Paul with his sword, the archangel Michael slaying the dragon, and St Stephen.","physicalDescription":"Column, carved of walnut.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Carved walnut","categories":[{"text":"Architecture","id":"THES48993"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2016JL5754","2006AY6123","2017KA4411","2017KA0570","2017KA0578","2017KB3817","2018LC3872","2018LC3855"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"8","id":"THES49714"},"free":"","case":"FS","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Architecture carved column","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Calabria","id":"x29360"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"Campania","id":"x29361"},"association":{"text":"carved","id":"AAT53149"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1225-1250","earliest":"1225-01-01","latest":"1250-12-31"},"association":{"text":"carved","id":"AAT53149"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"237","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"without base","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"39","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"39","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"303","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Including base/frame","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"This column has a circular shaft and squared capital. Many decorative patterns and motifs embellish the column.  The four faces of the capital show the prophet Zechariah, a seated male figure holding two heads, foliage and a fig tree.\r\n\r\nThe abacus is decorated with chevrons, rosettes and a diaper pattern on two sides; on the the third the carving is effaced; the fourth is uncarved. The astragal is carved with acanthus on three sides and arcading on the fourth. For orginal context see P. Williamson, 'Catalogue of Romanesque Sculpture' (V&A publication, London, 1983), p. 76.","historicalContext":"Church furnishings carved from wood from this date are very rare, partly because wood does not survive as well as stone, but also because stones such as marble were seen as the more prestigious material, and thus better suited to a church interior.","briefDescription":"Carved column, walnut wood, Southern Italy (Calabria?) or Sicily, 1150-1200","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>List of Objects in the Art Division, South Kensington Museum acquired during the Year 1886.</u> London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1887. pp.32"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Tavernor Perry, J. 'Some remains of a wooden ambone in the Victoria and Albert Museum', in <u>Burlington Magazine</u>. XXV. 1914. pp. 291-4"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Toesca, P. <u>Storia dell' Arte Italiana</u>. I. 1927. pp.1143"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Longhurst, M.H. 'Quatre colonees avec chapiteaux sculptes du XIIe. Siecle.' In <u>Cahiers d'Art.</u> 1930. pp. 85-90"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Steinburg, L.H. 'A portrait of Constance of Sicily', in <u>Journal of the Warburg Institute.</u> I. 1938. pp. 249-61"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Venturi, A. <u>Storia dell' Arte Italiano</u> III. 1904. pp. 379"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"De Francovich, G. 'Wiligelmo da Modena e gli Inizii dell Scultura Romanica in Francia e in Spagna' in <u>Rivista del R. Istituo d'Archeologia e Storia dell Arte.</u> VII. 1940. pp. 257"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Pope-Hennessy, John. <u>Catalogue of Italian Sculpture in the Victoria and Albert Museum.</u> London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office, 1964. pp. 7-10"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Arnoldi, Francesco Negri. 'Commentari' <u>Scultura Italiana al Victoria and Albert Museum</u> I & II. anno XXI, June- July. 1970. pp. 19- 23"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Arnoldi, Francesco Negri. 'Materiali per lo studis della scultura trecentesca in Sicilia II.' in <u>Prospettina</u> LII. 1988. pp. 60-62. fig. 36-41"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Zechariah","id":"N950"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"lizard","id":"x31733"},{"text":"Trees, Fig","id":"x31895"},{"text":"lion","id":"x30150"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["269A-1886"],"accessionNumberNum":"269","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1886,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2026PM5758","2019LN9616","2019LT9584","2019LV8375","2024NT0936","2024NU7170"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-02-10","recordCreationDate":"1999-12-15","availableToBook":false}}