{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O170260"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O170260/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9812/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BR9812/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BR9812","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O170260/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O170260","accessionNumber":"C.12W-1952","objectType":"Fragment, dish","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This fragment of a dish is known as a 'kiln waster'. The dish was made, covered with slip and the design incised through this slip. It was then biscuit-fired and painted with oxides of copper (green) and iron or antimony (yellow-brown). The dish was returned to the kiln for the final firing. In order to maximise the space within the kiln, three-point triangular-shaped spurs were used to separate the stacked objects. During this last firing the kiln spur may have fused to the glazed surface and so could not be removed from the dish without damaging it. It was at this time that this dish was discarded as a kiln waster.\r\n\r\nThe young man depicted on this fragment is not intended to be a portrait. Italian Renaissance ceramics often bore stylised images of people, more commonly of women. The youth here wears a padded doublet, typical for this period.","physicalDescription":"One of fifty-four fragments of earthenware with decoration incised through white slip, kiln spurs, etc.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Red earthenware covered with a white slip and with decoration incised through the slip. Painted in copper green and iron or antimony yellow-brown, under a clear glaze.","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[{"text":"Renaissance","id":"AAT21140"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2008BR9812"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"143 (VA)","id":"THES49867"},"free":"","case":"14","shelf":"3","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Fragment","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Legnago (Veneto)","id":"x44648"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Verona","id":"x37097"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1480 to 1500","earliest":"1480-01-01","latest":"1500-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"date":{"text":"late 15th-16th century","earliest":"1500-01-01","latest":"2015-12-31"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Signora M. Fiorini.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"3.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"13.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"10.0","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"0.160","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Part of a collection of sgraffito ware fragments, including kiln wasters, dug up at Legnago, near Verona.\r\nGiven by Signorina M. Fioroni","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"One of fifty-four fragments of sgraffito earthenware. Italian, Legnago, last quarter of 15th-16th century.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"G. Ericani & P. Marini, La ceramica nel Veneto. La Terrafirma dal XIII al XVIII secolo, Verona, 1990"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"G. Morazzoni, Maioliche e armi antiche di Legnago, Milan, 1950"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Maria Fioroni, Ceramiche de Legnago, Faenza, 1962"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"man's head","id":"x40647"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"18-19 Glazed bowl fragments\r\nItaly, Legnago (Veneto), 1480-1500\r\n\r\nThree three-pointed kiln separators ('spurs') were used to prevent pots from fusing to one another during firing. One has fused to no. 18, and the glaze on no. 19 has three marks created by a spur.\r\n\r\nMuseum no. C.12GG&W-1952. Given by M. Fioroni","date":{"text":"(TAB) 2009","earliest":"2009-01-01","latest":"2009-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["C.12W-1952"],"accessionNumberNum":"12","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1952,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LW2282"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2008-10-22","availableToBook":false}}