{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O169280"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O169280/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BE1202/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BE1202/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BE1202","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BE1201","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BE1200","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O169280/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O169280","accessionNumber":"346-1889","objectType":"Mortar","titles":[{"title":"Mortar","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"This leaded bronze mortar has projecting ribs and rosette decoration. The bowl has been heavily worn and the base pushed out of shape through heavy grinding, indicating that a bronze or iron pestle was used to break down quite hard substances. This is a rare example of an early fourteenth century mortar from southern Italy.","physicalDescription":"A  conical mortar with a single loop handle, embossed with ten upright ribs, between which are various cartouches, panels, medallions and rosettes representing a rampant griffin, an unidentifiable confronting beast with foliate stem terminating in a fleur-de-lis, a warrior on horseback with raised sword, a rosette, a displyed eagle, a rosettes, a warrior, a displayed eagle, an elephant and castle. On the recessed foot, a star, a rosette in a square panel, a star, a rosette (square), a patera (rosette on a medallion), a fleur- de- lis, a patera, a sta, a rosette (square), a rosette (round), a fleur-de- lis and bird (?).","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"bronze","id":"AAT10957"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Leaded bronze","categories":[{"text":"Tools & Equipment","id":"THES48883"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006BE1202","2006BE1201","2006BE1200"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES409768"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"M/w mortar roundels and geometric ornament","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Italy","id":"x28927"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1300-1325","earliest":"1300-01-01","latest":"1325-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"12.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"17","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Bought from Michelangelo Guggenheim, Venice, in 1889 (with 335 to 354-1889), for £300.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Mortar, leaded bronze, projecting ribs and rosettes","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>List of Objects in the Art Division South Kensington Museum acquired during the Year 1889. Arranged according to the dates of acquisition, with appendix and indices.</u> London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1890. pp. 36"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Motture, Peta. <u>Bells and Mortars. Catalogue of the Italian Bronzes in the Victoria and Albert Museum.</u> London, 2001. pp. 194-5, cat. no. 68"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Launert, Edmund. <u>Der Mörser. Geschichte und Erscheinungsbild eines Apothekengarätes.</u> Munich. 1990. pp. 193. fig. 212"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Buzinkay, Péter. <u>Középkori bronzmozsarak. Középeurópai edénytÌpusok e reneszánsz elöt. (Medieval Mortars. Types of vessels in Middle Europe before the Age of Renaissance). Unpublished PhD thesis. ELTE. Budapest. 1996. pp. 45. fig. 37"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"medallions","id":"AAT77354"},{"text":"rosettes","id":"AAT9972"},{"text":"warrior","id":"x32435"},{"text":"fleur- de- lis","id":"AAT9966"},{"text":"eagle","id":"x39158"},{"text":"elephant","id":"x30316"},{"text":"castle","id":"AAT6891"},{"text":"star","id":"AAT9811"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["346-1889"],"accessionNumberNum":"346","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1889,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-05-12","recordCreationDate":"2008-10-13","availableToBook":true}}