{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O166589"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O166589/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD3387/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD3387/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AD3387","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GK3562","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FV8765","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GK3565","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GK3559","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2013GK3563","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KB3804","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O166589/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O166589","accessionNumber":"366-1871","objectType":"Panel","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"These are five pierced ivory panels made in the late fourteenth to the early 15th century or in the early nineteenth century in Northern France or Northern Italy (probably Milan). These panels were once attached to a casket or reliquary. These panels depict the Marriage Feast at Cana; Christ before Pilate; the Flagellation; Christ carrying his Cross; the Resurrection; the Harrowing of Hell; Christ in the Garden with St. Mary Magdalene; the Appearance to the Maries. \r\n\r\nThe panels belong to a larger ensemble of distinctive pierced panels, none of which repeats a single scene. The others are in the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh and another in the Met New York. Maskell, Koechlin, Pelka and Longhurst all considered these panels to be French and date to the end of the fourteenth or beginning of fifteenth century. In 1969 however, Leeuwenberg suggested that they and another large number of related pierced ivories were of early nineteenth or late eighteenth century, executed by an extremely gifted and informed craftsman he named the 'Master of the Agrafe Forgeries'. The artistic ambition of the work, the audacious undercutting and micro-carving, are hard to reconcile with an early nineteenth century origin. \r\nThe present panels are too fragile for a radio-carbon testing, but a related panel in a private collection has been tested and has produced a date of 1263-1377, with a 95.4% degree of probability. \r\n","physicalDescription":"Group of ivory panels representing scenes from the life of Christ. The group consists of eight scenes. Grouped in pairs. In narrative order these show - in minute detail - the Marriage Feast at Cana, Christ before Pilate, the Flagellation, the Carrying of the Cross, the Resurrection and the Maries and the Sepulchre, the Harrowing of Hell, Christ in the Garden with St Mary Magdalene (Noli me tangere), and Christ appearing to the Three Maries. The scenes take place under three arches with tall gables, supported by thin spiral columns, and on the spandrels between them small angels either hold scrolls or play musical instruments. The flat borders dividing the scenes have been scored with diagonal lines, suggesting that they were faced with metal bands, presumably the mounts of a wooden casket.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ivory","id":"AAT11857"}],"techniques":[{"text":"piercing","id":"AAT231153"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Pierced elephant ivory ","categories":[{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Ceremonial objects","id":"THES48981"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006AD3387","2013GK3562","2012FV8765","2013GK3565","2013GK3559","2013GK3563","2017KB3804"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES395793"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES395793"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES395793"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""},{"current":{"text":"014","id":"THES395793"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Panels","id":""}],[{"text":"Panel","id":""}],[{"text":"Panel","id":""}],[{"text":"Panel","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""},{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"north, or northern Italy (probably Milan)"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late fourteenth century","earliest":"1350-01-01","latest":"1399-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"late fourteenth to early fifteenth century, or early nineteenth century"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"6.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"each panel","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Possibly to be identified with the 'Bas-relief sculpté à jour, provenant d'un coffret; il représente huit sujets tirés de la vie du CHrist; travail allemand du XVIe siècle', in the Préaux sale, Paris, 10 January 1850, lot 151. In the collection of Robert Goff, Eaton Square, London, by 1862 (London 1862, cat. no. 198); on loan to the South Kensington Museum and then bought by John Webb, London, at the Goff sale (catlogue of the very choice collections of Old Italian and Flemish Carvings in Ivory, and other Objects of Art and Vertu, formed by Robert Goff, Esq. deceased, Christie, Manson &amp; Woods, London, 7 June 1866, lot 9); purchased from Webb in 1871 (£250), having been on loan again since 1867. ","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Panel, group of four, ivory, representing scenes from the life of Christ, Northern France or Northern Italian (probably Milan), late fourteenth to early fifteenth century, or early nineteenth century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Longhurst, Margaret H. <font -u>Catalogue of Carvings in Ivory.</font> London: Published under the Authority of the Board of Education, 1927-1929, Part II, p. 36"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<font -u>List of Objects in the Art Division, South Kensington, Acquired During the Year 1871, Arranged According to the Dates of Acquisition.</font> London : Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M.S.O., p. 30"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Leeuwenberg, Jaap. Early Nineteenth-century Gothic Ivories. <font -u>Aachener Kunstblätter.</font> 39, 1969, pp. 111-148, esp. p. 126, fig. 25"},{"reference":{"text":"Maskell, A., <u>Ivories</u>, London, 1905","id":"AUTH332726"},"details":"p. 152, pl. XXVII","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Koechlin, R., <u>Les Ivoires gothiques français</u>, 3 vols, Paris, 1924 (reprinted Paris 1968)","id":"AUTH332728"},"details":"I, pp. 321-22, 326 (note 2), 338 (note 2), II, cat. no. 858, III, pl. CLIV","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, <u>Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550</u>, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014","id":"AUTH332632"},"details":"part I, pp. 496-499","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Williamson, Paul and Davies, Glyn, <u>Medieval Ivory Carvings, 1200-1550</u>, (in 2 parts), V&A Publishing, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 2014, part I, pp. 496-499, cat. no. 171"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Christ","id":"N1515"},{"text":"Pilate","id":"N255"},{"text":"St mary Magdalene","id":"N482"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"The Life of Christ","id":"x42992"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["366-1871","366PART/3-1871","366PART/2-1871","366PART/1-1871"],"accessionNumberNum":"366","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1871,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE","Panels","Panel [1]","Panel [2]","Panel [3]"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-06-27","recordCreationDate":"2008-09-05","availableToBook":true}}