{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O16603"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O16603/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF2305/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BF2305/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BF2305","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BC0685","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O16603/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O16603","accessionNumber":"C.81-1937","objectType":"Jar","titles":[{"title":"White Porcelain Jar with Peony Design Painted  in Underglaze Cobalt Blue and in Underglaze Copper Red ","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"This 18th-century jar is covered with a crazed glaze and is decorated with red-outlined peonies growing on blue stems from a pot. In Korea, blue-and-white porcelains covered with a nearly translucent glaze and fired at high temperatures of approximately 1300 degrees Celsius were first made in the 15th century. Cobalt-blue pigment was used to paint designs on the white porcelain, then the piece was glazed and finally fired. \r\n\r\nUnderglaze iron oxide was used for creating designs on celadons of the Koryo dynasty (918-1392), but it became especially popular in the 17th century. Underglaze copper-red decoration was first developed in the 12th century, but was virtually unused until  the 18th century.","physicalDescription":"The jar, which is covered with a crazed glaze, is decorated with red-outlined peonies growing on blue stems from a pot. Its profile is 18th century: narrow-based, generous shouldered. \r\nColour: Blue, red and white\n\nThis tall jar has an upright rim and bulging shoulders which narrow towards the base. The front and back are painted in underglaze cobalt blue  with bloomed peonies planted in a flowerpot. The designs are charmingly painted in underglaze cobalt blue and in underglaze copper red. The glaze has a bluish-white tint, and impurities have permeated through the crackles. The foot bears sand spur marks, and this white porcelain jar is estimated to have been produced at a kiln site in Bunwon-ri, Gwangju, in the early 19th century. This is a rare example of the peonies in a flowerpot design painted using a combinaton of underglaze cobalt blue and underglaze copper red.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"Porcelain","id":"AAT10662"}],"techniques":[{"text":"thrown","id":"AAT53908"},{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"},{"text":"blue and white and red","id":"x44545"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Porcelain, with underglaze blue and red","categories":[{"text":"ELISE","id":"THES48961"}],"styles":[{"text":"Chosŏn","id":"AAT106675"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"EAS","id":"THES48596"},"images":["2006BF2305","2006BC0685"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES398929"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"JAR","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Korea","id":"x30965"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1800-1850","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1850-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"41.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"14","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"mouth","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"16.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"base","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Cer, Korea, Choson, blue and white and red","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Nigel Wood. <font -u>\"Parallels between Yue wares and Koryô celadons.\"</font>. London: British Association for Korean Studies 5, 1994."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<font -u>Graciousness to Wild Austerity: Aesthetic dimensions of Korean ceramics explored through technology</font>. London: Orientations, 199212, p.41.3."},{"reference":{"text":"Beth McKillop. <u>Korean Art and Design</u>. London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1992.","id":"AUTH316578"},"details":"p.31","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Rose Kerr."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<font -u>National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage.</font> Daejeon: National Research Institue of Cultural Heritage, 2013, p. 175."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"peony","id":"x30070"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["C.81-1937"],"accessionNumberNum":"81","accessionNumberPrefix":"C","accessionYear":1937,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-08-01","recordCreationDate":"1999-12-15","availableToBook":true}}