{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O16586"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O16586/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF8821/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AF8821/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AF8821","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BD2216","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AF8785","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AN8161","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AN8158","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AN8157","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AN8156","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O16586/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O16586","accessionNumber":"E.4575-1910","objectType":"Manuscript cutting","titles":[{"title":"Miniatures showing the labours of the months","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"This double-sided leaf, possibly from the calendar of a book of hours, seems to illustrate on one side the month of April and on the other side the month of May. April shows lovers making music by a canal while in the fields beyond a cow is milked, the sheep are taken out to graze and on a chimney pot a stork makes itís nest. May shows a scene of May Day merrymaking; a boat trip with musicians, a floral procession and dancing in the square.\r\n\r\nSimon Bening was one of the most celebrated illuminators of his time. He worked mainly in Bruges. His work often comes close to contemporary panel painting, particularly in full-page miniatures, such as these, where the image is surrounded by a simple border similar to a picture frame.\r\n\r\nIn the late medieval period Books of Hours were a type of prayerbook for private use by the laity, containing psalms and devotions for the eight canonical hours of the day. They were typically small and portable. Simon Bening’s workshop made many Books of Hours, often containing calendar illustrations.","physicalDescription":"Double sided leaf, probably from a Book of Hours. \r\nThe scenes are typical of illustrations for religious calendars listing the saint's days month by month at the beginning of books of hours.\r\nOne side shows the Month of May - with a boating party in the foreground. The other side shows the Month of April (not August as stated in the Summary Catalogue (1981) - with courting couples in a meadow. \nIn a modern gilt frame.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bening, Simon","id":"A1725"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"pigments","id":"x33204"},{"text":"parchment","id":"AAT11851"},{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"}],"techniques":[{"text":"illumination","id":"AAT220539"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour on vellum","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2006AF8821","2006BD2216","2006AF8785","2006AN8161","2006AN8158","2006AN8157","2006AN8156"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"90A","id":"THES49164"},"free":"","case":"1","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Manuscript cutting","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Flanders","id":"x36939"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":"probably"},{"place":{"text":"Belgium","id":"x28742"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"Bruges","id":"x32309"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late 1540s-early 1550s","earliest":"1545-01-01","latest":"1555-12-31"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"E.4576-1910","id":"O82391"},"association":"Object"}],"creditLine":"Salting Bequest","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"18.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"framed","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"15.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"framed","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"180","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"17/10/2014","earliest":"2014-10-17","latest":"2014-10-17"},"part":"Frame","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"135","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"17/10/2014","earliest":"2014-10-17","latest":"2014-10-17"},"part":"Frame","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Hollingworth Magniac (1786–1867), Colworth, by 1861: his sale, Christie's London, sale beginning 2 July 1892, lot 193 (4 July 1892). George Salting (1839-1909), by 1908: acquired as part of the Salting Bequest in 1910 (Salting 2538).\nCuttings from the same manuscript in the V&amp;A collection: E.4575-1910 and E.4576-1910.\nCuttings from the same manuscript in other collections: London, British Library, Add. Ms. 18855, ff. 108-9.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Leaf with labours of the months, probably from a book of hours, attributed to Simon Bening, Flanders (Bruges), late 1540s-early 1550s.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"Robinson, J.C. (ed.). <i>Catalogue of the Special Exhibition of Works of Art of the Mediaeval, Renaissance, and more recent periods: on loan at the South Kensington Museum, June 1862.</i> London: Printed by George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode for H.M. Stationery Office, rev. ed. January 1863.","id":"AUTH354391"},"details":"no. 6,836.","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"<u>Catalogue of Miniatures, Leaves, and Cuttings from Illuminated Manuscripts. Victoria and Albert Museum. Department of Engraving, Illustration and Design</u>, by S.C. Cockerell and C. Harcourt Smith (London: HMSO, 1923, 2nd edition).","id":"AUTH349022"},"details":"pp. 30-31.","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Summary catalogue of miniatures in the Victoria and Albert Museum: including enamels, plumbagos, silhouettes and other works in related media: illustrated separately on microfiche in visual catalogue of minature paintings in the Victoria and Albert Museum, ed. by Garth Hall, Haslemere, Surrey, 1981.","id":"AUTH381514"},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Renaissance painting in manuscripts : treasures from the British Library, ed. by Thomas Kren, with Janet Backhouse, New York : Hudson Hills Press, c. 1983.","id":"AUTH381513"},"details":"pp. 79ff.","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"100 Great Paintings in the Victoria and Albert Museum, dir. by Gill Saunders, London: V&A, 1985.","id":"AUTH381512"},"details":"p. 36","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Illuminating the Renaissance. The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe, ed. by Thomas Kren and Scot McKendrick, Los Angeles: The J. Paul Getty Museum, 2003.","id":"AUTH381516"},"details":"no. 159.","free":""}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Unique","id":"THES48864"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"Architecture","id":"AAT54156"},{"text":"Landscape","id":"x31100"},{"text":"bridges (built works)","id":"AAT7836"},{"text":"Clothing","id":"AAT178802"},{"text":"festivals","id":"x31650"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.4575-1910"],"accessionNumberNum":"4575","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1910,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Salting Bequest","id":"THES55995"},"number":"2538"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-01","recordCreationDate":"1999-12-15","availableToBook":false}}