{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O16381"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O16381/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FA5574/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FA5574/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011FA5574","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AR0245","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BE9932","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KE2124","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O16381/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O16381","accessionNumber":"1427-1869","objectType":"Watercolour","titles":[{"title":"The Challenge: A Bull in a Storm on a Moor","type":"popular title"}],"summaryDescription":"David Cox (1783 - 1859) began his career painting scenery at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham. He then moved to London to study with the artist John Varley. He went on to become one of the most popular of all British watercolourists, admired by both collectors and critics.\r\nHe often depicted scenes of rain and strong winds. In this watercolour Cox attacks the sheet with his brush to achieve an aggressive and threatening effect.","physicalDescription":"The picture is an impressionistic rendering of nature at its wildest. The downpour of rain is suggested by the broad diagonal brush strokes in which the whole picture is painted.  The Welsh hills are at a distant position in the landscape and the only figure in this desolate landscape is a solitary bull. British School.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Cox, David (the elder)","id":"A2093"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"watercolour (paint)","id":"AAT15045"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painting","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Watercolour","categories":[{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"},{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"}],"styles":[{"text":"British School","id":"x30967"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2011FA5574","2006AR0245","2006BE9932","2017KE2124"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"WS","id":"THES49603"},"free":"","case":"R","shelf":"10","box":"R"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"watercolour","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"No","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":"probably"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1850s","earliest":"1850-01-01","latest":"1859-12-31"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":"probably"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by the Rev. Chauncery Hare Townshend","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"45.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"66.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Dimensions taken from departmental notes","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Watercolour by David Cox the elder entitled 'The Challenge - A Bull in a storm on the Moor'.  Great Britain, 1850s.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>100 Great Paintings in The Victoria & Albert Museum.</u> London: V&A, 1985, p.154"},{"reference":{"text":"Wilcox, Scott. <i>Sun, Wind, and Rain. The Art of David Cox</i> New Haven, Conn. : Yale University, 2008","id":"AUTH355333"},"details":"113","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Evans, Mark et al. <i>Vikutoria & Arubāto Bijutsukan-zō : eikoku romanshugi kaigaten = The Romantic tradition in British painting, 1800-1950 : masterpieces from the Victoria and Albert Museum</i>. Japan : Brain Trust, 2002","id":"AUTH332409"},"details":"","free":""},{"reference":{"text":"Coombs, Katherine <i>British watercolours : 1750-1950</i> . London: V&A Publications, 2012","id":"AUTH346240"},"details":"p.75, pl.63","free":""}],"production":"probably exhibited at the Old Watercolour Society, 1856","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Wales","id":"x29337"},{"text":"Betws-y-Coed","id":"x44368"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"landscape","id":"AAT15636"},{"text":"bull (animal)","id":"x30279"},{"text":"storm","id":"AAT54734"},{"text":"weather","id":"AAT55366"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["1427-1869"],"accessionNumberNum":"1427","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1869,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-04-15","recordCreationDate":"1999-12-15","availableToBook":false}}