{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O157930"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O157930/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU1836/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU1836/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BU1836","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BU1837","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019LM8436","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O157930/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O157930","accessionNumber":"LOAN:GILBERT.263-2008","objectType":"Miniature","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This enamel miniature is based on an oil painting by the Swiss-Austrian artist Angelica Kauffman (1741-1807). Many enamellers used existing paintings or prints as the basis for their portraits. Miniatures provided new versions of family portraits or offered members of the public the chance to own an image of a famous sitter, in this case the celebrated beauty and socialite Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire.  \r\n\r\nIn the 17th century, new techniques of painting enamels allowed delicate portraits resembling tiny oil paintings to be created. These enamel miniatures were first fashionable in continental Europe, but were particularly in vogue in Britain from the 1720s to 1760s. Painted enamels were made by firing finely milled glass which had been coloured with metal oxides onto a metal base, usually gold or copper. The colours had to be applied and fired in several stages, according to the firing temperature required by each colour. Incredible precision was needed for a successful enamel portrait, since each firing carried risks of cracks and bubbles that might ruin the entire effort.\r\n\r\nSir Arthur Gilbert and his wife Rosalinde formed one of the world's great decorative art collections, including silver, mosaics, enamelled portrait miniatures and gold boxes.  Arthur Gilbert donated his extraordinary collection to Britain in 1996.","physicalDescription":"Oval portrait miniature depicting Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, facing three quarters to the right wearing a light yellow dress and with a mauve ribbon in her hair. The miniature is enamel on copper and the frame is gilt-brass with a husk and ribbon decoration.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Hurter, Johann Heinrich","id":"A22413"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"enamel","id":"AAT14910"},{"text":"copper","id":"AAT11020"},{"text":"gilt-brass","id":"x38746"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painting (image-making)","id":"AAT54216"},{"text":"gilding","id":"AAT53789"},{"text":"framing","id":"AAT240903"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Enamel on copper, gilt-brass frame","categories":[{"text":"Enamels","id":"THES48876"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Portraits","id":"THES48906"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2008BU1836","2008BU1837","2019LM8436"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"71","id":"THES49723"},"free":"","case":"CA017","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"miniature","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"England","id":"x28826"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1779","earliest":"1779-01-01","latest":"1779-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"The Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Collection on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"8.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"6.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"0.69","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured 29/01/24 IW","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Signed and dated 'HHurter / 1779'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"On the front"},{"content":"Signed and dated 'Georgiana Duchess / of Devonshire Eldest Daughter of John / Earl Spencer'","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"On the counter enamel"}],"objectHistory":"Provenance: Sale, Christie's Geneva, lot 253, May 13 1980.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Enamel miniature on copper of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, in a gilded copper alloy frame, England,1779, by Johann Heinrich Hurter.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Coffin, Sarah and Bodo Hofstetter. <u>Portrait Miniatures in Enamel</u>. London: Philip Wilson Publishers Ltd. in association with the Gilbert Collection, 2000. 168 p., ill. Cat. no. 29, pp. 77-78. ISBN 0856675334."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Schroder, Timothy, ed. <u>The Gilbert Collection at the V&A</u>. London (V&A Publishing) 2009, p. 92, plate 73. ISBN9781851775934"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Cavendish, Georgiana (Duchess of Devonshire)","id":"N1751"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"female","id":"AAT189557"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"13. Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire\r\n1779\r\n\r\nThis enamel miniature is based on an oil painting by Angelica Kauffman (1741–1807).\r\n\r\nEngland; Johann Heinrich Hurter (about 1734–91)\r\nEnamel on copper in original gilded brass frame probably made or supplied\r\nby Hurter\r\nMuseum no. Loan:Gilbert.263-2008","date":{"text":"16/11/2016","earliest":"2016-11-16","latest":"2016-11-16"}},{"text":"Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire\r\n1779\r\n\r\nThis enamel miniature is based on an oil painting by\r\nAngelica Kauffman (1741–1807). Many enamellers used\r\nexisting paintings or prints as the basis for their portraits.\r\nMiniatures provided new versions of family portraits or\r\noffered the public an image of a famous sitter.\r\n\r\nEngland; Johann Heinrich Hurter (1734–about 1791)\r\nEnamel on copper in original gilded brass frame\r\nprobably made or supplied by Hurter\r\nMuseum no. Loan:Gilbert.263-2008","date":{"text":"2009","earliest":"2009-01-01","latest":"2009-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["LOAN:GILBERT.263-2008"],"accessionNumberNum":"263","accessionNumberPrefix":"LOAN:GILBERT","accessionYear":2008,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"The Gilbert Collection, Somerset House","id":"THES50384"},"number":"1996.778.1"},{"type":{"text":"Arthur Gilbert Number","id":"THES50383"},"number":"MIN 13"},{"type":{"text":"The Gilbert Collection, Somerset House","id":"THES50384"},"number":"1996.791.1"},{"type":{"text":"Arthur Gilbert Number","id":"THES50383"},"number":"MIN 26"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-02-26","recordCreationDate":"2008-06-26","availableToBook":false}}