{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O156784"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O156784/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2579/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CA2579/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CA2579","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2621","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2672","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2009CA2634","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O156784/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O156784","accessionNumber":"LOAN:GILBERT.662-2008","objectType":"Sconce","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"These wall sconces for holding wax candles demonstrate the high-quality ornament that immigrant craftsmen brought to their best work. Philip Rollos the Elder was one of the most successful goldsmiths in London.  He made these sconces for King William III (1650-1702) and also supplied silver to Queen Anne. Designed to flank an over-mantel mirror in the most important domestic interiors, sconces with a narrow, cast backplate were a Huguenot innovation. The sophisticated form of this sconce, one of a pair, was inspired by the designs of Daniel Marot (1661-1752) who had trained under Louis XIV's court designer Jean Berain at the French Court.\r\n\r\nAlthough previously thought to be of Huguenot (French Protestant) origin, it has recently been discovered that Phillip Rollos the elder was a Lutheran from Berlin. One of his sons, John, was a specialist seal engraver and may have worked for his father engraving coats of arms on silver supplied for armigerous clients. The Rollos family settled in London's West End where many of their competitors were skilled Huguenot goldsmiths forced to leave France to escape religious persecution and for economic reasons. The Catholic King Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685, which had provided Huguenots with a degree of religious toleration. In 1689 and again in 1709 Louis XIV ordered that silver vessels and furniture should be melted in order to finance his wars against the Protestant allies. Although not directly from France, Phillip Rollos and his family were amongst many skilled Protestant craftsmen who settled in London.  Their technical skills and fashionable French style ensured the luxury silver, furniture, watches and jewellery they made were highly sought after.  Such specialists transformed English silver by introducing higher standards of craftsmanship. They promoted new forms, such as the soup tureen and sauceboat, and introduced a new repertoire of ornament, with cast sculptural details and exquisite engraving.\r\n\r\nSir Arthur Gilbert and his wife Rosalinde formed one of the world's great decorative art collections, including silver, mosaics, enamelled portrait miniatures and gold boxes.  Arthur Gilbert donated his extraordinary collection to Britain in 1996.","physicalDescription":"Silver sconce with the cipher and royal crown of William III. The bracket is formed as an S-shaped scroll with applied acanthus leaf decoration, the branch is S-shaped with similar decoration and the backplate is surmounted by a royal crown flanked by a fleur-de-lis and an open hand. Below the bracket a bell flower opens into a spray of oak leaves and acorns.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Rollos, Philip (the Elder)","id":"A8796"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"silver","id":"AAT11029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"AAT53104"},{"text":"chasing","id":"AAT54016"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Silver","categories":[{"text":"Furniture","id":"THES48948"},{"text":"Lighting","id":"THES48925"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2009CA2579","2009CA2621","2009CA2672","2009CA2634"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"002","id":"THES399740"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"sconce","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1700-1701","earliest":"1700-05-29","latest":"1701-05-28"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"The Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Collection on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"39.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"21.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"1840","unit":"g","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Updated with measurements taken 18/08/08","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Engraved with cipher and crown of William III","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""},{"content":"London hallmarks for 1700-01","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""},{"content":"Mark of Phillip Rollos (the Elder)","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"Provenance\r\nAcquired by Arthur Gilbert from S.J. Phillips Ltd, London, 1996.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Silver, London hallmarks for 1700-01, mark of Phillip Rollos (the Elder)","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Schroder, Timothy, ed. <u>The Gilbert Collection at the V&A</u>. London (V&A Publishing) 2009, pl. 24, p. 39.  ISBN9781851775934"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"crown","id":"x40442"},{"text":"gadroons","id":"x38295"},{"text":"acanthus","id":"AAT164902"},{"text":"shells","id":"x30562"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"(Gallery 71, case 2)\r\n1, 5. Pair of sconces\r\n1700–01\r\nPhilip Rollos, one of the most successful goldsmiths in London, was from France,\r\nbut also had family in Berlin.\r\nLondon, England; Philip Rollos I (active 1675–1721)\r\nSilver\r\nEngraved with cipher and crown of William III (1650–1702)\r\nMuseum nos. Loan:Gilbert.662, 663-2008","date":{"text":"16/11/2016","earliest":"2016-11-16","latest":"2016-11-16"}}],"partNumbers":["LOAN:GILBERT.662-2008"],"accessionNumberNum":"662","accessionNumberPrefix":"LOAN:GILBERT","accessionYear":2008,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Arthur Gilbert Number","id":"THES50383"},"number":"SG 336A"},{"type":{"text":"The Gilbert Collection, Somerset House","id":"THES50384"},"number":"1999.39"},{"type":{"text":"Arthur Gilbert Number","id":"THES50383"},"number":"SG 122B"},{"type":{"text":"The Gilbert Collection, Somerset House","id":"THES50384"},"number":"1996.907"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2017JU8471","2018LC1956","2019LP6656","2019LU4835","2019LU0218"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-05-01","recordCreationDate":"2008-06-19","availableToBook":false}}