{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O156665"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O156665/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU1646/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU1646/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BU1646","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BU1642","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London/ © the Rosalinde & Arthur Gilbert Collection, on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London ","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2022NG9537","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2022NG9535","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2022NG9536","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O156665/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O156665","accessionNumber":"LOAN:GILBERT.165-2008","objectType":"Necklace","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"By tradition this piece, part of a set, is believed to have belonged to Caroline Murat (1782-1839), Queen of Naples. Their accompanying leather box is stamped with a crowned 'C' in gold.\r\n\r\nDocumentary evidence in the archives of the Opificio delle Pietre Dure in Florence and in the archives in Naples suggest that this parure, or set of jewelry, may have been produced in either centre. Hardstone mosaic techniques (commessi di pietre dure) emerged in Florence, where Ferdinand de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, founded the Grand Ducal workshop (Opificio delle Pietre Dure) in 1588. It still operates today under the Italian Ministry for Cultural Heritage.\r\n \r\nThe production of stone mosaics with the Florentine technique began in Naples in the seventeenth century primarily in response to commissions for ecclesiastical objects to adorn church interiors and devotional objects. In 1737 an official court workshop, Real Laboratorio delle Pietre Dure, was established in Naples by Charles VII (King of Naples and later Charles III of Spain).The technique, however, is of extremely fine quality and in the vein of the production from the Florentine Grand Ducal workshops. \r\n\r\nSir Arthur Gilbert and his wife Rosalinde formed one of the world's great decorative art collections, including silver, mosaics, enamelled portrait miniatures and gold boxes.  Arthur Gilbert donated his extraordinary collection to Britain in 1996.","physicalDescription":"Gold necklace set with ten lapis lazuli plaques with shells and pearls in stone mosaic, the plaques set a-jour on fossilized coral","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Laboratorio delle Pietre Dure","id":"A22276"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":"possibly"},{"name":{"text":"Opificio delle Pietre Dure","id":"A22274"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":"possibly"}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"hardstone","id":"x37572"},{"text":"lapis lazuli","id":"AAT11122"},{"text":"chalcedony","id":"AAT11134"},{"text":"gold","id":"AAT11021"},{"text":"rock crystal","id":"AAT11152"},{"text":"silver leaf","id":"THES248602"},{"text":"agate","id":"AAT11135"},{"text":"jasper","id":"AAT11151"},{"text":"","id":""}],"techniques":[{"text":"pietre dure","id":"AAT53615"},{"text":"setting","id":"x42734"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Commessi di pietre dure (hardstone mosaics), lapis lazuli, chalcedony, calcedonio di Volterra (some burnt to deepen the colour) gold; the ‘pearls’ made from half-beads of rock crystal, set with the flat surface up, and the underside coated with silver leaf","categories":[{"text":"Jewellery","id":"THES48930"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2008BU1646","2008BU1642","2022NG9537","2022NG9535","2022NG9536"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"70","id":"THES49725"},"free":"","case":"CA001","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"necklace","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Naples","id":"x32548"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"Florence","id":"x28848"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1808","earliest":"1803-01-01","latest":"1812-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"LOAN:GILBERT.166-2008","id":"O156667"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"LOAN:GILBERT.167-2008","id":"O156668"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"LOAN:GILBERT.168:1-2008","id":"O157987"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"LOAN:GILBERT.168:2-2008","id":"O157987"},"association":""}],"creditLine":"The Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Collection on loan to the Victoria and Albert Museum, London","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"44.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"19","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"on mount","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"19.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"on mount","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"5.5","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"biggest pendant","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured 04/03/24 IW ","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Provenance: Probably Caroline Murat, Queen of Naples.  Delessert family.  Marthe Bocher.  Jacques Kugel, Paris, 1975.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Gold and stone mosaic necklace, Naples or Florence, ca. 1808.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gonzalez-Palacios, Alvar. <u>The Art of Mosaics: Selections from the Gilbert Collection</u>, Los Angeles (Los Angeles County Museum of Art) 1977. 143 p., ill. Cat. no. 30. ISBN 0875870805."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gonzalez-Palacios, Alvar and Steffi Röttgen with essays by Steffi Röttgen, Claudia Przyborowski; essays and new catalogue material translated by Alla Theodora Hall. <u>The Art of Mosaics: Selections from the Gilbert Collection</u>. Los Angeles (Los Angeles County Museum of Art) 1982. 224 p., ill. Cat. no. 32. ISBN 0875871097"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Wheeler, Daniel, ed. with introduction by Alexis Gregory. <u>Princely Taste: Treasures from Great Private Collections</u>. Exhibition catalogue, Jerusalem: Israel Museum, vol. 369, 1995, p. 77."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"'Conversation with an Avid Collector: an Interview about the Collection of Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert'. Catalogue for <u>Designers West</u>'Conversation with an Avid Collector: an Interview about the Collection of Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert'. Catalogue for <u>Designers West</u>, 34, no. 5, Los Angeles, March 1987, p.120. 34, no. 5, Los Angeles, March 1987, p. 77."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Giusti, Anna Maria, <u>Pietre Dure: L'arte europea del mosaico negli arredi e nelle decorazioni dal 1500 al 1800</u>. Turin: Allemandi, 1992, pp. 235, 246."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gonzalez-Palacios, Alvar, <u>Mosaici e pietre dure, Mosaici a piccole tessere</u>. Milan: Gruppo Editoriale Fabbri, 1982, pp. 69-70."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Lenti, Lia, and Bergesio, Maria Cristina. <u>Dizionario del Gioiello Italiano del XIX e XX Secolo</u>.  Turin: Allemandi 2006, p.77 and image."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Arte e Manifattura di corte a Firenze dal tramonto dei Medici all'Impero (1732-1815)</u>. Exhibition Catalogue. Florence: Palazzo Pitti/Palazzina della Meridiana  2006, pp. 252, 253, no. 170 and images."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Giusti, Anna Maria. <u>Pietre Dure and the Art of Florentine Inlay</u>. London: Thames & Hudson, 2006, p. 216, pl. 173."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Massinelli, Anna Maria with contributions by Jeanette Hanisee Gabriel. <u>Hardstones: The Gilbert Collection</u>. London: Philip Wilson Publishers Ltd. in association with The Gilbert Collection, 2000. 329 p., ill. Cat. no. 87, pp. 201-202. ISBN 0856675105."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Koeppe, Wolfram and Annamaria Giusti.with contributions by Cristina Acidini ... [et al.] ; edited by Wolfram Koeppe.  <u>Art of the Royal Court. Treasures in Pietre Dure from the Palaces of Europe.</u>. New York : Metropolitan Museum of Art ; New Haven ; London : Yale University Press, c2008. P. 317, cat. no. 125."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Gonzalez-Palacios, Alvar, 'Florentine Snuffboxes', <i>Going for Gold: Craftsmanship and Collecting of Gold Boxes</i>, Tessa Murdoch and Heike Zech (eds.), Sussex Academic Press, Eastbourne, 2014, p.173"}],"production":"Documentary evidence in the archives of the Opificio in Florence and in the archives in Naples both suggest that the parure may have been produced in either centre.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"shells","id":"x30562"},{"text":"pearls","id":"x39965"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"2. Necklace, comb, earrings and tiara\r\nwith shells\r\nAbout 1808\r\n\r\nThis jewellery probably belonged to Caroline Murat (1782–1839), Queen of Naples. The original case with the crowned letter ‘C’ is also part of the Gilbert’s collection. The ‘pearls’ are made from rock crystal half-beads. Set with their flat surfaces up, their curved underside is coated in silver leaf.\r\n\r\nNaples or Florence, Italy\r\nGold, with pietre dure (hardstone mosaic) panels of lapis lazuli and chalcedony\r\nMuseum nos. Loan:Gilbert.165 to 168:1, 2-2008","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}},{"text":"Necklace, comb, earrings\r\nand tiara with shells\r\nAbout 1808\r\n\r\nThis jewellery is believed to have belonged to Caroline Murat (1782–1839), Queen of Naples.\r\n\r\nNaples or Florence, Italy\r\nGold, with pietre dure (hardstone mosaic) panels\r\nof lapis lazuli and chalcedony\r\nMuseum nos. Loan:Gilbert.165 to 168:1, 2-2008","date":{"text":"2009","earliest":"2009-01-01","latest":"2009-12-31"}}],"partNumbers":["LOAN:GILBERT.165-2008"],"accessionNumberNum":"165","accessionNumberPrefix":"LOAN:GILBERT","accessionYear":2008,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Arthur Gilbert Number","id":"THES50383"},"number":"MM 186A"},{"type":{"text":"The Gilbert Collection, Somerset House","id":"THES50384"},"number":"1996.850"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2025PL1240","2018LC0524","2019LR4834","2019LT6155","2019LW0369"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-04-01","recordCreationDate":"2008-06-19","availableToBook":false}}