{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O154798"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O154798/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FA9732/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2011FA9732/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2011FA9732","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011FA9731","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2011FA9733","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O154798/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O154798","accessionNumber":"1212:28-1905","objectType":"Ecclesiastical figure","titles":[{"title":"Bishop","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"This figure is one of a set of 50 dressed to represent the outfits worn by Catholic religious orders.  They are made of tow (hemp) with wax heads, hands and feet. They were probably made in France, as they are labelled in French, but some of the orders represented were only active in Germany and the Netherlands.\r\n\r\nThis figure represents a Bishop of the Catholic Church. The figure is wearing Choir dress, which is worn while attending (but not celebrating) liturgical functions. A blue tunic is worn under a white embroidered and lace trimmed rochet, and a blue mozzetta (cape). The figure wears a cross on a cord, and carries a Papal staff bearing the Cross of Lorraine. On its head is a mitre, the traditional ceremonial head-dress. In the Catholic church, the wearing of the mitre is limited to bishops and abbots. This example is an <i>auriphrygiata</i> mitre, which is plain white silk with decorative bands or trimming.  There are two other types of mitre, the plain white <i>simplex</i>, usually worn for funerals and Good Friday, and the elaborately decorated <i>pretiosa</i>, worn on Sundays and feast-days.","physicalDescription":"Figure made of wax and tow, dressed in linen and woollen fabrics.\r\nBlue tunic and cape, white embroidered linen and lace cotta, cross on a cord, mitre, purple undergarment","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"wax","id":"AAT14585"},{"text":"tow","id":"x42596"},{"text":"linen (material)","id":"AAT14069"},{"text":"wool (textile)","id":"AAT243430"}],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Figure made of tow and wax, dressed in linen and woollen materials.","categories":[{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Ecclesiastical textiles","id":"THES48962"},{"text":"Dolls and toys","id":"THES48967"},{"text":"Clothing","id":"THES48975"},{"text":"Europeana Fashion Project","id":"THES265804"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&F","id":"THES48601"},"images":["2011FA9732","2011FA9731","2011FA9733"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"001","id":"THES327362"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Figure","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"Germany","id":"x28873"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"},{"place":{"text":"Netherlands","id":"x29020"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"possibly"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"first half 19th century","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1850-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"MA/1/S851","id":"ARC181608"},"association":"Archive record"}],"creditLine":"Given by Mr. G. Smith","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"31","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"including stand","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Average approximate height of the figures in this set","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"One of a group of 50 figures given to the Educational Department by Mr. G. Smith of St John's Wood in 1868, but only formally accessioned in 1905. The labels on the bases are in French but some of the orders represented (e.g the Alexians and the Order of the Conception) seem to have been confined to Germany and the Low Countries. (from original acquisition record for 1905)","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Wax and tow figure dressed as a Roman Catholic bishop","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Labelled in French; some of the orders represented confined to Germany or the Netherlands.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["1212:28-1905"],"accessionNumberNum":"1212","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1905,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-04-22","recordCreationDate":"2008-05-16","availableToBook":true}}