{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1547733"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1547733/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021MX7819/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2021MX7819/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2021MX7819","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7820","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7821","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7822","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7823","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7824","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7825","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2021MX7826","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1547733/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1547733","accessionNumber":"W.2-2021","objectType":"Book","titles":[{"title":"Box Furniture: How to Make a Hundred Useful Articles for the Home","type":"published title"}],"summaryDescription":"Designer Louise Brigham developed her idea of building furniture out of discarded boxes during the summer of 1906 whilst on holiday in Norway. Situated in a camp north of the Arctic Circle, little lumber was available, and Brigham began to experiment with crates that had been emptied of provisions in order to create furniture for her portable home.  \r\n\r\nThis travel, along with her education and woodworking skills led Brigham to write <i>Box Furniture: How to Make a Hundred Useful Articles for the Home</i>. The innovative book explores sustainable design and do-it-yourself endeavours.\r\n\r\nThe book details the origins of her idea and includes a section on the basic tools and techniques required to build furniture, along with twelve chapters on the construction of box furniture for domestic use. The book contains illustrations of every piece of design, as well as 15 illustrations which show the placement of box furniture in different rooms of a house. Next to the latter illustrations, minute instructions describe the chosen materials, colour schemes, motifs and techniques used to create Brigham’s interiors. The book was illustrated by the interior designer Edward H. Ascherman, an American designer born to German parents, whom Brigham met while studying in Vienna under the tutelage of Hoffmann at the Kunstgewerbeschule.\r\n\r\nBrigham envisioned box furniture as a means of helping people in difficult situations furnish their homes and find skilled jobs. Following her publication, thousands of Americans experimented with do-it-yourself furniture making. In 1910, the Home Thrift Association she founded started to offer free woodworking classes for boys and girls. In the first year only, more than six hundred young New Yorkers signed up and Brigham went on to lecture on her work across throughout the country. Today, Brigham can be regarded as a pioneer of social design. \r\n\r\nLouise Ashton Brigham (1875–1956) was a designer and social activist. She trained as a designer in the mid 1890s  at the Chase School (now Parsons) and at the Pratt Institute in New York City, where she undertook courses in the Domestic Art, Domestic Science, and the Kindergarten departments. Brigham also studied in Europe sometime between 1897 and 1910. While abroad, Brigham took courses in woodworking at the School of Crafts in Nääs, Sweden and the National Industrial School in Copenhagen.","physicalDescription":"Box Furniture is an illustrated bound book with 304 pages. A coloured embossed illustration decorates the front board. The back board displays a printed monogram.  ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Brigham, Louise","id":"AUTH376985"},"association":{"text":"writer","id":"x36825"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Ascherman, Edward H.","id":"AUTH376986"},"association":{"text":"illustrator","id":"x36173"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"The Century Company","id":"AUTH327675"},"association":{"text":"publisher","id":"x32600"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"cardboard","id":"AAT14224"}],"techniques":[{"text":"printing","id":"AAT53319"},{"text":"embossing","id":"AAT53826"},{"text":"binding","id":"x38290"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Printed and embossed fabric cover; bound book.","categories":[{"text":"Sustainability","id":"THES285124"},{"text":"Furniture","id":"THES48948"},{"text":"Books","id":"THES48986"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"FWK","id":"THES48597"},"images":["2021MX7819","2021MX7820","2021MX7821","2021MX7822","2021MX7823","2021MX7824","2021MX7825","2021MX7826"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"76","id":"THES49548"},"free":"","case":"CA12","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Book","id":"AAT28051"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"New York","id":"x29030"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1909","earliest":"1909-01-01","latest":"1909-12-31"},"association":{"text":"published","id":"x30682"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"14","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"20","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Handwritten pencil note on one of the first pages. Reads 'Louise Brigham' and a date.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""},{"content":"A label inside the book indicates it was previously retailed by J.L. Hammett Co. at 250 Devonshire Street, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. ","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Box Furniture: How to Make a Hundred Useful Articles for the Home, written by Louise Brigham, published in May 1909 by The Century Co., New York, bound book.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Giving packaging another purpose\n\nAs waste became a growing problem in the 20th century, designers sought ingenious solutions. In her 1909 book ‘Box Furniture’, designer Louise Brigham outlined how to build a range of inexpensive furniture from discarded packing crates. Elsewhere, Dutch businessman Alfred Heineken asked architect and theorist John Habraken to design a ‘brick that holds beer’ after seeing bottles littering the beaches of the Antilles islands. Produced in 1963, the interlocking WOBO bottle could be used as a building block once the beer had been drunk. It reduced waste and cleverly took advantage of exisiting distribution networks, but was never put into wide production.\n\r\nGuide to building furniture from packing crates \n‘Box Furniture: How to Make 100 Useful Articles for the Home’, 1909 \nBy Louise Brigham \nPublished by The Century Co., USA \nMuseum no. W.2-2021\n\nBeer bottle bricks \nWOBO bottle, 1963 \nDesigned by John Habraken, the Netherlands \nMoulded glass \nGiven by Heineken Collection Foundation\nMuseum nos. C.22, 23-2016\n\nThis label was written for the 'Sustainability and Subversion' section on the Design 1900-Now galleries which opened in June 2021.","date":{"text":"June 2021","earliest":"2021-06-01","latest":"2021-06-30"}}],"partNumbers":["W.2-2021"],"accessionNumberNum":"2","accessionNumberPrefix":"W","accessionYear":2021,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-03-03","recordCreationDate":"2020-11-17","availableToBook":false}}