{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O154037"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O154037/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FL6222/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FL6222/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2012FL6222","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2015HK4163","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O154037","accessionNumber":"E.1090-1993","objectType":"Poster","titles":[{"title":"90 Years of Struggle.","type":"popular title"}],"summaryDescription":"This poster is one of a group of three in the museum (E.1088-1099-1993) issued by SWAPO (The South West Africa Peoples Organisation) in 1977, calling for Namibian Independence. The largest photograph shows Hendrik Witbooi (c.1825-1905), a Chief of the Namaqua people, a subset of the Khoikhoi, a tribal group who lived in the region which later became Namibia. He led his people against German colonial rule. Hosea Kutako (1871-1970) also appears on the right. He was one of the early nationalist leaders who petitioned the United Nations against colonial rule. He was also the Leader of Hereroland from 1968-1970. Sam Nujoma, who appears at the bottom on the right, was a railway worker who became a freedom fighter and ultimately the first president of Namibia, democratically elected in the year of independence, 1990.\r\n\r\nThe '90 Years' refers to back to 1887 when indigenous peoples, coming under serious attack from German colonials, began to fight back in what came to be known as the Swaartbooi Revolt. Since then, until independence, native peoples have struggled against colonial oppression, first from Germany and then South Africa.\r\n\r\nThe photographer George Hallett came to Europe in 1970 where he met up with other South African exiles, such as Gavin Jantjes, who made many posters and screenprints protesting against the horrors of Apartheid.","physicalDescription":"Poster with several  photographic images: on the left a large picture of an old black man in a white hat and trousers, seated with what looks like a rifle resting upright in one hand. On the right four smaller photographic images: top: captioned Hendrik Witbooi. Hendrik Witbooi (c.1825-1905) was a Chief of the Namaqua people, a subset of the Khoikhoi, one of the indigenous tribes of what is now Namibia; next: Chief Hosea Kutako (1871-1970); next an unidentified passport-style portrait of a younger black man; last: Sam Nujoma - the image is the same as that seen on E.1088-1993. The photographic images separated by a band of blue red and green (colours of the independence flag) and the word 'Namibia'\r\n\r\nBelow this, a calendar for the months of January and February. Lettered in French, English and Portugese.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Jantjes, Gavin","id":"A6514"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Hallett, George","id":"A22104"},"association":{"text":"designer","id":"x36960"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"A. G. Bishop & Sons","id":"A22105"},"association":{"text":"printer","id":"x30811"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"colour lithograph","id":"x35545"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Colour lithograph on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Politics","id":"THES48908"},{"text":"Black History","id":"THES48989"},{"text":"Posters","id":"THES252963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2012FL6222","2015HK4163"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"68","box":"D"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"poster","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1977","earliest":"1977-01-01","latest":"1977-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"E.1089-1993","id":"O154036"},"association":""},{"object":{"text":"E.1088-1993","id":"O117421"},"association":""}],"creditLine":"Given by the Peace Pledge Union","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"59.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"41.9","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Designed by Gavin Jantjes and George Hallett/ Printed by A.G.Bishop & Sons, Orpington, Kent","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"lettered at the top margin\r\nlogo of SWAPO at top left corner of poster with the address of its London office: 21/25 Tabernacle Street, London EC2. UK. Lettering of the main caption in English, French, Portugese and Arabic."}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Poster, Gavin Jantjes, George Hallett: Poster for SWAPO.1977","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"Poster calling for Namibian Independence, incorporating a calendar for September-October 1977.","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Namibia","id":"x39184"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Nujoma, Sam","id":"N4727"},{"text":"Witbooi, Hendrik","id":"N7192"},{"text":"Kutako, Hosea","id":"N7193"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"Namibian Independence","id":"V447"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Independence","id":"x38501"},{"text":"Freedom","id":"AAT55497"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.1090-1993"],"accessionNumberNum":"1090","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":1993,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2008-05-02","availableToBook":false}}