{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1487175"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1487175/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019MH9624/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2019MH9624/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2019MH9624","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1487175/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1487175","accessionNumber":"E.681-2019","objectType":"Plotter drawing","titles":[{"title":"Landscape: Black and Red","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"Colette Stuebe Bangert (born 1934) and Charles Jeffries \"Jeff\" Bangert (1938– 2019) were innovators in the field of computer-generated art through a decades-long collaboration, helping to establish digital art as an artistic medium in the 1960s and 1970s. Charles studied mathematics and art at Harvard, while Colette trained as an artist, graduating in 1957 from the John Heron Art Institute in Indianapolis. The Bangerts married in 1959 after meeting in Boston, where Colette completed a master's degree in fine arts from Boston University.  \r\n\r\nColette’s artistic practice spans drawing, painting, watercolour, and textile work, often inspired by landscapes and nature. In 1967, she started to experiment with computer drawings in collaboration with Charles, who was then a supervisor of applications programming at the University of Kansas Computation Center. Colette would begin by making drawings by hand, which Charles translated into computer code. The Bangerts' algorithmic drawings were inspired by natural forms like grass, landscapes, and organic patterns seen in the surroundings of their Kansas home.   \r\n\r\nLandscape: Black and Red (1970) is a collaborative artwork and an example of early computer art made by Colette and Charles Bangert. The drawing was created with a plotter, which is a mechanical drawing device that uses a pen to create artwork based on programmed instructions. The work shows abstract lines forming a pattern in black and red ink, with built-in variations and randomness evoking the natural landscape of the American Midwest. ","physicalDescription":"Ink drawing on paper with black and red lines","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Bangert, Colette & Charles","id":"A28835"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"","id":""}],"techniques":[{"text":"plotter drawing","id":"x43893"},{"text":"computer-generated","id":"x44521"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"","categories":[{"text":"Computer art","id":"THES49037"},{"text":"Digital art","id":"THES289934"},{"text":"Drawings","id":"THES48966"}],"styles":[{"text":"20th Century third quarter","id":"x36100"},{"text":"American","id":"AAT107956"},{"text":"digital","id":"x37672"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2019MH9624"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"MB2E","shelf":"DR59","box":"Digital Art"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"plotter drawing","id":"x43893"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Kansas","id":"x29795"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""},{"place":{"text":"United States","id":"x29333"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1970","earliest":"1970-01-01","latest":"1970-12-31"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Gift of the artists","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"36.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"60","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"25/09/2025","earliest":"2025-09-25","latest":"2025-09-25"},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Plotter drawing ‘Landscape: Black and Red’, ink on paper, by Colette and Charles Bangert, USA, 1970","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"","id":""}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.681-2019"],"accessionNumberNum":"681","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2019,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-10-21","recordCreationDate":"2019-04-03","availableToBook":false}}