{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O146962"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O146962/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD1781/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006AD1781/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006AD1781","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BJ2617","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BJ2616","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O146962/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O146962","accessionNumber":"109-1866","objectType":"Cross","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Before the revolution of 1917, almost all Orthodox Russians wore pendant crosses.  These crosses were originally based on Byzantine patterns.  Most are made of cast silver, and they frequently have complex designs with Cyrillic inscriptions and iconographic details which are unique to the Russian Orthodox Church.  Like the filigree chains on which they were worn, they are very difficult to date accurately.  Their design has remained unchanged for centuries and many crosses are still being made today from old originals.\r\n\r\nThis cross has a '<i>tsata</i>' or collar in the centre, and abbreviated Cyrillic titles at the ends of the arms.  The back is covered with a pattern of stylised scrolls, unlike many modern crosses which often have long illegible inscriptions.","physicalDescription":"Cast and pierced silver cross with raised decoration on the front, and flat arabesque patterns on the back.  Cyrillic inscription on the front.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"silver","id":"AAT11029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"AAT53104"},{"text":"piercing","id":"AAT231153"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Cast silver","categories":[{"text":"Jewellery","id":"THES48930"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Traditional jewellery (Europe)","id":"THES270343"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"MET","id":"THES48599"},"images":["2006AD1781","2006BJ2617","2006BJ2616"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"91M (VA)","id":"THES49137"},"free":"","case":"77","shelf":"A","box":"1"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Cross","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Russia","id":"x29110"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1800-1860","earliest":"1800-01-01","latest":"1860-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"4.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"3.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"0.6","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Cyrillic inscription","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":""}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Cast silver cross with Orthodox symbols, Russia, 1800-1860.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"cross","id":"x31528"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["109-1866"],"accessionNumberNum":"109","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1866,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2017JU7255","2019LP4525","2019LT3880","2019LW3229"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-05-07","recordCreationDate":"2008-03-07","availableToBook":false}}