{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O145096"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O145096/"}},"images":null,"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O145096","accessionNumber":"E.233-2006","objectType":"Poster","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This poster, dated about 1949, is an excellent example of early screenprinting. Screenprinting is a form of stencilling (printing by means of masking out the areas of the surface receiving the design that are to remain blank) in which the stencil is fixed to a fine mesh of silk, man-made fibre or steel, known as the 'screen'. The screen is stretched over an open frame. Ink is pushed across its surface by a flexible blade called a 'squeegee' and forced through the holes where the printing surface is not masked, on the paper or fabric below. A separate screen is required for each colour of the finished print. \r\n\r\nScreenprinting was used from about 1890 in America and England to make signage but later extended to other commercial purposes such as fabric printing and advertising after the 1914-18 war. Artists began using the process during the 1930s in America, under the Works Progress Administration's Federal Arts Project, but the technique is most often associated with the Pop Art movement of the 1960s.\r\n\r\nThe Whitechapel Art Gallery was founded in 1901 and aimed to 'bring great art to the East End of London'. Its first exhibition featured artists such as the Pre-Raphaelites, Constable, Hogarth and Rubens and attracted more than 200,000 local people. It sought to mount a diverse programme of exhibitions including art from Africa and Latin America, individual shows of major contemporary artists like Picasso, Rothko and Jackson Pollock, and shows of work by local artists.","physicalDescription":"Screen-printed poster for a memorial exhibition on Mark Gertler held at the Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, in 1949. A black and white portrait of the artist's mother is reproduced within a white frame and set against a pink background onto which is printed the text advertising the exhibition. The white frame of the image overlaps slightly onto the pink background.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"Express Printers","id":"A21237"},"association":{"text":"printer","id":"x35446"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"},{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"}],"techniques":[{"text":"screen-printing","id":"AAT53281"},{"text":"letterpress printing","id":"AAT178926"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Screen-printing and letterpress on paper","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Posters","id":"THES252963"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":[],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLC (VA)","id":"THES49171"},"free":"","case":"Y","shelf":"61","box":"B"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"poster","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"London","id":"x28980"},"association":{"text":"printed","id":"AAT53319"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1949","earliest":"1949-01-01","latest":"1949-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Frances Marks","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"50.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"38.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"WHITECHAPEL ART GALLERY","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Across top"},{"content":"The Artist's Mother by Mark Gertler. [space] Reproduced by courtesy of the Trustees of the Tate Gallery.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Below image"},{"content":"MARK GERTLER / MEMORIAL EXHIBITION / JUNE 23 to  JULY 23 / Admission Free - Daily 11-6, Sundays 2-6, Closed Mondays / The Gallery is in Whitechapel High Street, next door to the Eastern Exit of Aldgate East Station / Buses 10, 15, 35, 40, 42, 78, 96, 653, 661, 663","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Bottom half of poster, in decreasing type sizes. The '2' in 'Sundays 2-6' seems to be in a larger type than the rest of the line."},{"content":"Express Printers, London, E.1","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Bottom right in italics"}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Screen-printed poster for Mark Gertler memorial exhibition at Whitechapel Art Gallery, London, 1949.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Limited edition","id":"THES48862"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"portrait","id":"AAT15637"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.233-2006"],"accessionNumberNum":"233","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2006,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2008-02-13","availableToBook":false}}