{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1443604"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1443604/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018LD0796/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018LD0796/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018LD0796","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1443604/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1443604","accessionNumber":"E.522-2018","objectType":"Print","titles":[{"title":"Madonna della Regola a Leone","type":"published title"},{"title":"Atlante Mariano","type":"published title"}],"summaryDescription":"This print is an illustration from <i>Atlante Mariano</i> (Verona 1839-47), by an Italian priest Agostino Zanella. This was a twelve-volume revised and extended version in Italian of an earlier work,  first published in Latin and German in 1672, <i>Atlas Marianus</i>, compiled by the Bavarian Jesuit priest Wilhelm Gumppenberg. The <i>Atlas Marianus</i> was a gazetteer of all the miracle-working images of the Virgin Mary in Europe and the New World with prayers and engraved illustrations. It was  published both as propaganda against Protestant iconoclasm and as a devotional aid for Catholics. It proved enormously popular and was subsequently republished in several versions, augmented with additional entries and illustrations, and translated into several different languages.  \n\nAccording to legend, the statue of Our Lady of Regla (in Spanish, Regola in Italian) was commissioned by Augustine of Hippo (354 - 430) and brought to Spain by Cyprian the Deacon after Augustine's death and the Vandal invasion of North Africa. It was enshrined in the seaport city of Chipiona where it was venerated both by Augustinian canons and African hermits. Following the 8th-century invasion of Andalusia by the Saracens, the monks hid the statue in a cistern next to a fig tree where it remained until after the liberation of the country by Alphonse X of Castile (1221-1284), when the Virgin appeared to a canon regular from León directing him to the hiding place. The rediscovery of the hidden image, along with a chalice and a miraculously still-burning lamp, led to the revival of the devotion. The cistern and fig tree still exist and the location is called Humilladero. According to some scources, the name Regla is a reference to the Rule (regla) of the Augustinians. \r\n\r\nThe present statue is thought to date to c.1200 and is believed to have always been a black Madonna rather than to have blackened with age and exposure to candle smoke. Unusually for a black Madonna, she holds a white Christ Child. The documented cult and earliest recorded miracles date from 1330 and the official act of the foundation of the monastery where she is enshrined is dated August 22nd, 1399, when the Count of Arcos, Don Pedro Ponce de León, entrusted the new foundation to the Order of Saint Augustine. The heydey of pilgrimage to Our Lady of Regla was in the late 18th century, especially following the shrine's miraculous survival of a devastating earthquake and tidal wave in 1755.","physicalDescription":"Rectangular image (portrait format) printed in black on white paper: the Black Madonna of Regola (Regla) crowned and dressed in C16th/17th royal dress with a key and a crescent moon at her feet; she holds a white Christ Child who holds an orb in his left hand and has his right hand raised in blessing; the whole group is standing withn an elaborate baroque architectural shrine or reliquary. Numbered above the image, top right, <i>N. CXCII</i>, captioned below the image <i>MADONNA DELLA REGOLA a Leone.</i>  ","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"artist","id":"AAT25103"},"note":""},{"name":{"text":"Zanella, Agostino","id":"AUTH350013"},"association":{"text":"Author","id":"AAT25492"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paper","id":"x30308"}],"techniques":[{"text":"","id":""},{"text":"etching","id":"AAT53241"},{"text":"engraving","id":"AAT53225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Etching and engraving","categories":[{"text":"Prints","id":"THES48903"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2018LD0796"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":"Black Madonna Topic Box"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Prints","id":"AAT41273"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Verona","id":"x32566"},"association":{"text":"printed and published","id":"x35383"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1839-47","earliest":"1839-01-01","latest":"1847-12-31"},"association":{"text":"printed and published","id":"x35383"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Tim Travis in memory of Leslie Travis","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"12.3","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""},{"dimension":"","value":"","unit":"","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"8.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"sheet","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"N. CXCII","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Above the image, top right"},{"content":"MADONNA DELLA REGOLA \r\na Leone.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Below the image"}],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"<i>Madonna della Regola a Leone</i>, plate from <i>Atlante Mariano</i> by Agostino Zanella, Verona, 1839-47","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Unlimited edition","id":"THES48868"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"The Virgin Mary","id":"N16161"},{"text":"Jesus Christ","id":"N1515"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"Black Madonnas","id":"THES282271"},{"text":"Shrines","id":"AAT7558"},{"text":"Ornament","id":"AAT56258"},{"text":"Architecture","id":"AAT54156"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["E.522-2018"],"accessionNumberNum":"522","accessionNumberPrefix":"E","accessionYear":2018,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Plate number","id":"THES51155"},"number":"CXCII"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2018-06-20","availableToBook":false}}