{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O144347"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O144347/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EE3615/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2010EE3615/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2010EE3615","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006AB7466","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O144347/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O144347","accessionNumber":"IS.35:17-1971","objectType":"Manuscript page","titles":[{"title":"Sangrahanisutra","type":"series title"}],"summaryDescription":"The Sangrahanisutra is a cosmological text composed in 1136 by Shrichandra that includes Jain ideas about the structure of the universe and the mapping of space. The manuscript, made in the eighteenth century, includes illustrations and cosmic diagrams.\r\nThis folio has on the recto illustrations of the animal vahanas (vehicles) of celestial bodies. The top line has 5 elephants, the first of which is depicted with stripes and claws like a tiger, alternating with 5 horses with red and yellow saddles and bridles. The middle line shows 3 suns and 2 moons, one full and the other partially occluded. The bottom line has 5 elephants alternating with 5 bullocks.\r\nThe verso (numbered 15) has text and diagrams of day and night.","physicalDescription":"Page recto, ink and paint on paper, from a complete illustrated manuscript of the Samgrahanisutra or Sangrahanisutra, a Jain cosmographical text in Sanskrit composed in A.D.1136 by Shrichandra Muni, whose name appears on f.52 of this copy. The work is also named at the end as the Trailokya dipi, which is more usually applied to the Sangrahani Sutra of Jinabhadragani Kshamashramana, the earliest work of this class. The work is accompanied by an interlinear text in smaller devanagari script, which is possibly the commentary of Devabhadra. This manuscript is written on 56 oblong folios of paper of which two folios (10a and 12a) are not numbered, the last numbered folio being 54. The outer folios are of double thickness and decorated with a central ogee medallion and floral motifs on their outer faces. The copy is undated but appears to have been written and illustrated in Western India during the 18th century.\r\nThis folio recto has illustrations of the animal <i>vahanas</i> (vehicles) of celestial bodies. The top line has 5 elephants, the first of which is depicted with stripes and claws like a tiger, alternating with 5 horses with red and yellow saddles and bridles. The middle line shows 3 suns and 2 moons, one full and the other partially occluded. The bottom line has 5 elephants alternating with 5 bullocks.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Unknown","id":"A1848"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"ink","id":"AAT15012"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"},{"text":"paper","id":"AAT14109"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"AAT54216"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted in ink and paint on paper","categories":[{"text":"Jain","id":"THES49013"},{"text":"Religion","id":"THES48900"},{"text":"Manuscripts","id":"THES48922"},{"text":"Illustration","id":"THES48938"},{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Bonita Trust Indian Paintings Cataloguing Project","id":"THES263148"}],"styles":[{"text":"Western Indian","id":"AAT19057"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"SSEA","id":"THES48598"},"images":["2010EE3615","2006AB7466"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"011","id":"THES406569"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"page","id":"AAT194222"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"India","id":"x29790"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Western"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"18th century","earliest":"1700-01-01","latest":"1800-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Length","value":"25.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Manuscript page, <i>Sangrahanisutra</i>, animal <i>vahanas,</i> ink and paint on paper, Western India, 18th century","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Moti  Chandra and U.P.Shah, ' New Documents of Jaina Painting'."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Shri Mahavira Jaina Vidalaya Golden Jubilee Volume (Bombay 1968), Pt. I, p.39."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Balbir, N. et al, 'Catalogue of the Jain Manuscripts of the British Library including the holdings of the British Museum and the Victoria & Albert Museum'. London, British Library and Institute of Jainology, 2006. Vol 1, pp.38-39, Vol 2, pp.275-276, cat. no. 339."}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"The animal <i>vahanas</i> (vehicles) of celestial bodies. The top line has 5 elephants, the first of which is depicted with stripes and claws like a tiger, alternating with 5 horses with red and yellow saddles and bridles. The middle line shows 3 suns and 2 moons, one full and the other partially occluded. The bottom line has 5 elephants alternating with 5 bullocks.","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"elephants","id":"x30316"},{"text":"suns","id":"x31103"},{"text":"moons","id":"x37607"},{"text":"bullocks","id":"x47481"}],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Jain","id":"x32296"},{"text":"Cosmography","id":"x45112"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"CENTRE: ANIMAL VEHICLES OF THE PLANETS\r\nIS.35:17-1971 \r\n\r\nThe Samgrahanisutra is a Jain cosmological text in Sanskrit composed in 1136 by Shrichandra. The illustrations on this page show the animal vahanas (vehicles) of celestial bodies. In India, each planet is personified as a deity. Most deities are associated with an animal mount, which also reflects his or her character. \r\n\r\nDespite stylistic changes, this 18th-century manuscript retains the horizontal format of earlier Jain works. Along with an expanded range of colours, powdered tin was used to replicate silver.\r\n\r\n","date":{"text":"18/09/2013","earliest":"2013-09-18","latest":"2013-09-18"}},{"text":"CENTRE: ANIMAL VEHICLES OF THE PLANETS\r\nIS.35:17-1971 \r\n\r\nThe Samgrahanisutra is a Jain cosmological text in Sanskrit composed in 1136 by Shrichandra. The illustrations on this page show the animal vahanas (vehicles) of celestial bodies. In India, each planet is personified as a deity. Most deities are associated with an animal mount, which also reflects his or her character. \r\n\r\nDespite stylistic changes, this 18th-century manuscript retains the horizontal format of earlier Jain works. Along with an expanded range of colours, powdered tin was used to replicate silver.\r\n\r\n","date":{"text":"18/-9/2013","earliest":"2013-09-01","latest":"2018-12-31"}},{"text":"CENTRE: ANIMAL VEHICLES OF THE PLANETS\r\nIS.35:17-1971 \r\n\r\nThe Samgrahanisutra is a Jain cosmological text in Sanskrit composed in 1136 by Shrichandra. The illustrations on this page show the animal vahanas (vehicles) of celestial bodies. In India, each planet is personified as a deity. Most deities are associated with an animal mount, which also reflects his or her character. \r\n\r\nDespite stylistic changes, this 18th-century manuscript retains the horizontal format of earlier Jain works. Along with an expanded range of colours, powdered tin was used to replicate silver.\r\n\r\n","date":{"text":"18/09/2013","earliest":"2013-09-18","latest":"2013-09-18"}}],"partNumbers":["IS.35:17-1971"],"accessionNumberNum":"35","accessionNumberPrefix":"IS","accessionYear":1971,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-05","recordCreationDate":"2008-01-31","availableToBook":true}}