{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1428116"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1428116/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020MM5448/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2020MM5448/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2020MM5448","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O1428116/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1428116","accessionNumber":"S.824-2017","objectType":"Metal bar","titles":[{"title":"Steel bar bent by the strong woman, Joan Rhodes","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"Steel bar, bent by the strong woman, Joan  Rhodes, late 20th century.\r\n\r\nJoan Rhodes (1921-2010) first appeared in variety shows at the Nottingham Empire in the 1950s. She had answered an advertisement for 'freaks' in the <i>Stage</i> newspaper. Joan was petite and blonde with the good looks of a chorus girl: the only thing 'freakish' about her was her strength. She could bend steel bars with her teeth, break six inch (15 cm) nails and tear telephone directories in half. \r\n\r\nRhodes said that she had discovered her strength at the age of 12 while working in her aunt's public house, where she surprised the customers by lifting the heavy beer barrels. At 14 she was working in a circus as a strong man's assistant and, convinced that she could perform the same tricks, began to rip up telephone books. She tried working as a model and a dancer, appearing with the internationally known dance troupe, the Bluebell Girls, in the South of France, but carried on performing feats of strength for her own amusement, and then decided to try and make a career from her unusual skills. Her employer at Nottingham wanted her to wear a leopard skin, the traditional costume of the circus Strongman, but Joan Rhodes wanted to maintain her feminine appearance. She became 'the Mighty Mannequin', showing off her 50-centimetre waist in evening dresses and diamanté-covered leotards, and appearing on television and in cabaret around the world. In interviews she said that she preferred working in cabaret because 'the audience are so close. They can see if any of my equipment is faked'. She calculated that during 25 years as a strong woman she had torn up 25,000 telephone books and bent more than two and a half tonnes of nails.\r\n","physicalDescription":"Metal bar, round in cross section, bent at centre into a V-shape.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[{"name":{"text":"unknown","id":"AUTH317916"},"association":{"text":"makers","id":"AAT251917"},"note":""}],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"steel","id":"AAT133751"}],"techniques":[{"text":"metal-working","id":"AAT53946"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Rolled steel","categories":[{"text":"Entertainment & Leisure","id":"THES48959"},{"text":"Variety","id":"THES269955"},{"text":"Metalwork","id":"THES48920"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"T&P","id":"THES48602"},"images":["2020MM5448"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"004","id":"THES355410"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"metal bars","id":"THES280256"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Great Britain","id":"x32019"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"late 20th century","earliest":"1950-01-01","latest":"1999-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by Joan Rhodes","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Width","value":"1.1","unit":"cm","qualifier":"width of bar","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"40 ","unit":"cm","qualifier":"bent bar, measured from base to apex of V shape","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"approx."},{"dimension":"Length","value":"41.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"bent bar, measured across base of V shape","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Length","value":"92","unit":"cm","qualifier":"total length of bar","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":"approx."}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"In the 19th and 20th centuries, showmen and impresarios in Europe and the United States exhibited people and animals whose appearances or talents they deemed spectacular as 'freaks'. They engaged people for their unique talents and abilities as well as their appearances, exploiting medical conditions, physical traits, and racialised characteristics. These skills and features were sensationalised in marketing to attract audiences, objectifying performers and perpetuating negative stereotypes for financial gain.\r\n\r\nThis type of exhibition was often found in fairgrounds, exhibition halls, zoological gardens and circuses alongside traditional performance, science and art displays. It was described as a ‘sideshow’ or ‘freak show’. \r\n\r\nThe term ‘freak’ has been reclaimed in recent years by groups who choose to celebrate their perceived differences.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Steel bar, bent by the strong woman, Joan Rhodes, late 20th century","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["S.824-2017"],"accessionNumberNum":"824","accessionNumberPrefix":"S","accessionYear":2017,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-01-28","recordCreationDate":"2018-01-23","availableToBook":true}}