{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O1387373"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1387373/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KR6256/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2018KR6256/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"low","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2018KR6256","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":null},"record":{"systemNumber":"O1387373","accessionNumber":"RPS.3-2017","objectType":"Photograph","titles":[{"title":"Le Cardinal d'Amboise","type":"assigned by artist"}],"summaryDescription":"","physicalDescription":"Framed early Heliograph on pewter (photo-etched pewter plate), 'Le Cardinal d’Amboise’ is one of the earliest photomechanical plates in existence.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Niépce, Joseph Nicéphore","id":"AUTH341910"},"association":{"text":"photographer","id":"AAT25687"},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"pewter","id":"AAT10979"}],"techniques":[{"text":"heliography","id":"AAT133322"},{"text":"photography","id":"AAT54225"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"The Heliographic process used Bitumen of Judea, here on pewter, which hardens when exposed to light. To create a negative, an engraving was varnished, placed over the plate and exposed to sunlight. The soluble unexposed bitumen was dissolved in an oil of lavender-kerosene mixture and the plate was etched in an acid bath. The exposed hardened bitumen acted as a resist, so that the acid etched only areas of unexposed metal. The resulting heliographic plate was used to make final prints on paper.","categories":[{"text":"Photographs","id":"THES48910"},{"text":"The Royal Photographic Society","id":"THES281081"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"DOP","id":"THES291628"},"images":["2018KR6256"],"imageResolution":"low","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"LVLF","id":"THES49656"},"free":"","case":"MB002","shelf":"SH036","box":"XRG 600 A"}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"photograph","id":"AAT46300"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"France","id":"x28849"},"association":{"text":"photographed","id":"x30151"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1826","earliest":"1826-01-01","latest":"1826-12-31"},"association":{"text":"photographed","id":"x30151"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[{"object":{"text":"PROV.7928-2017","id":"O1393168"},"association":"RPS Group record"}],"creditLine":"The Royal Photographic Society Collection at the V&A, acquired with the generous assistance of the National Lottery Heritage Fund and Art Fund.","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"273","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Frame","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"240","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Frame","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"31","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Frame","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"182","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Plate - left side","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"180","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Plate - right side","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"139","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"Plate - top and bottom","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Given by Niépce to Franz Andreas Bauer, in 1827.","historicalContext":"","briefDescription":"Photograph by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, 'Le Cardinal d'Amboise', heliograph, 1826.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"p.121","free":"Burning with Desire: the conception of photography, by Geoffrey Batchen (Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1997)."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"p. 9","free":"A Concise History of Photography, Third Revised Edition, by Helmut Gernsheim (New York: Dover Publicaitons, Inc., 1986)"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Unique","id":"THES48864"},"contentDescription":"‘Le Cardinal d’Amboise’ is one of the earliest photomechanical plates in existence and was taken from the original engraving ‘Georges Cardinal d’Amboise, Grand Ministre d’Estat et Légat en France’ by Isaac Briot (1585-1670). ","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"<b>Cameraless Photography\n</b>\nJoseph Nicéphore Niépce (1765–1833) \r\n‘Le Cardinal d’Amboise’ \r\n1826\r\nHeliograph on pewter plate\r\n27.3 x 24 cm (framed size)\r\nMuseum no. RPS.3-2017\n\nThe earliest surviving photographic images were made by French inventor Niépce. He called them ‘heliographs’ or ‘sun-writing.’ Only 16 heliographic plates by Niépce are still thought to exist. Created on metal plates, they were intended to be coated with ink and intaglio printed. Most of his images were derived from pre-existing artworks. This one is taken from an engraving made in 1633 by Isaac Briot (1585-1670).\n\nThe Royal Photographic Society Collection at the V&amp;A, acquired with the generous assistance of the Heritage Lottery Fund and Art Fund ","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["RPS.3-2017"],"accessionNumberNum":"3","accessionNumberPrefix":"RPS","accessionYear":2017,"otherNumbers":[{"type":{"text":"Science Museum Group accession number","id":"THES275235"},"number":"2003-5001/2/22332"},{"type":{"text":"RPS collection - V&A identifier","id":"THES275176"},"number":"XRG600A"}],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2026-05-12","recordCreationDate":"2017-03-15","availableToBook":false}}