{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O132155"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O132155/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FV9031/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2012FV9031/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2012FV9031","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2006BH7725","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JJ2365","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JJ2363","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2016JJ2364","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JV7084","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2018KY5352","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O132155/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O132155","accessionNumber":"1361-1869","objectType":"Oil painting","titles":[{"title":"The Embarkation of St Helena to the Holy Land ","type":""}],"summaryDescription":"This painting shows the embarkation of St Helena to the Holy Land. Helena was the mother of the first Christian Emperor, Constantine, and is said to have sailed to the Holy Land to find the cross where Christ has been crucified. On stylistic ground, this work belongs to the early period of Tintoretto and can be dated ca. 1555. ","physicalDescription":"An elegant woman wearing a crown is embarking on a small boat helped by two men while three other draped figures on the right stands behind her, one seen from the back and another wearing a turban, with a Galion in the background.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Tintoretto","id":"A9608"},"association":{"text":"","id":""},"note":""}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"oil paint","id":"AAT15050"},{"text":"canvas","id":"AAT14078"}],"techniques":[{"text":"oil painting","id":"AAT178684"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Oil on canvas","categories":[{"text":"Paintings","id":"THES48917"},{"text":"Christianity","id":"THES48978"}],"styles":[{"text":"Venetian School","id":"x36536"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"PDP","id":"THES48595"},"images":["2012FV9031","2006BH7725","2016JJ2365","2016JJ2363","2016JJ2364","2017JV7084","2018KY5352"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"WW","id":"THES411329"},"free":"","case":"","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"oil paintings","id":"AAT33799"}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Venice","id":"x29237"},"association":{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca.1550","earliest":"1545-01-01","latest":"1554-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Bequeathed by Rev. Chauncey Hare Townshend","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"22.8","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"estimate","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"59.7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"estimate","note":""},{"dimension":"Height","value":"290","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"frame","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"665","unit":"mm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"frame","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Painting dimensions taken from  C.M. Kauffmann, <i>Catalogue of Foreign Paintings, I. Before 1800</i>, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 1973.","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Bequeathed by Rev. Chauncey Hare Townshend, 1868","historicalContext":"The painting was originally catalogued as by the Croatian-born painter Andrea Schiavone, active in Venice in the first half of the 16th century. It is thanks to the high quality of the typically broken brushwork, and a palette of cool greys offset by white, ochre and carmine that it was identified as an authentic work by Tintoretto. In addition, research into the artist’s work revealed that the V&amp;A painting belongs to a group of three showing the same group of figures with the recurring female at the centre of the composition. \r\n\r\nUntil then the subject matter could not be determined, and was described as ‘The Embarkation of a Queen’. Comparison with the other two paintings showed that the\r\nV&amp;A picture depicts the embarkation of St Helena to the Holy Land. It is followed by the discovery of the True Cross (Hyde collection, Glenn Falls, New York) and the testing of the True Cross (Art Institute, Chicago). The cycle clearly illustrates the legend of St Helena and the Holy Cross. Helena was the mother of Constantine, the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. She is said to have found the actual cross on which Christ had been crucified. \r\n\r\nThe canvas support was unusual for such small paintings. They might have been overdoors, or part of frieze, in a private house or church. \r\n","briefDescription":"Oil painting, Tintoretto, 'The Embarkation of St Helena to the Holy Land', Venetian school, ca. 1550","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"C.M.  Kauffmann,<u>Catalogue of Foreign Paintings, I. Before 1800</u> London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1973, pp. 260-261, cat. no. 323."},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"A. Debenedetti, 'A recently identified painting by Tintoretto in the Victoria and Albert Museum', <u>The Burlington Magazine</u>, No. 1318, vol. CLV (January 2013) pp. 19-24, fig. 23"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"John Henry Druery, <u>Historical and Topographical Notices of Great Yarmouth and its Environs</u>, London 1826, p.81 "},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"John Chambers (ed.), <u>A General History of the County of Norfolk</u>, vol, 1, Norwich 1829, p.305 "},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>A Catalogue of Pictures in the Possession of Charles John Palmer, F.S.A.</u> Yarmouth 1857, p.11, no. 17 "},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"<u>Palmer’s sale, Messers Spelman</u>, Great Yarmouth, 28 February 1867, lot 106"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"figures","id":"x31098"},{"text":"ship","id":"AAT82981"},{"text":"boat","id":"AAT178749"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["1361-1869"],"accessionNumberNum":"1361","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1869,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LM9799","2019LN8922","2019LN8345","2019LU0135","2019LV3900","2019LV2482","2019LW1893"],"recordModificationDate":"2026-02-19","recordCreationDate":"2007-02-20","availableToBook":false}}