{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O130433"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O130433/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CB7434/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2009CB7434/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2009CB7434","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017KN2431","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O130433/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O130433","accessionNumber":"7167-1860","objectType":"Dish","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"During the sixteenth century the diet of the elite expanded. New ingredients were available from a widening global market and lavish recipes proliferated in the period. For the first time, gastronomic literature became part of the food culture of the wealthy. What was eaten and drunk mattered as it reflected and constructed an individual's social status. New ceramic forms for holding the growing variety of types of foodstuffs and for accommodating the stylish modes of eating were developed; such as crespine (moulded dishes for holding fruit), piatte detti da carne (meat plates) and rinfrescatoio (coolers). Knowledge of the specific functions of the new forms also formed part of the self-conscious preoccupation with discernment and decorum. During the century a number of codified philosophical ideas on manners, cleanliness and hospitality that reflected this concern were written.\r\nThe introduction of individual vessels, cutlery, napkins, tablecloths and place settings at table also signaled a development in the elite modes of eating and drinking.  It marked a change with the earlier medieval practice of sharing implements. For the first time dining \"services\" were produced with individual flatware or plates for those at table. Sets were produced in standard quantities, plates were sold in by six or twelve. As luxury items, however maiolica services were however also specially commissioned and often decorated with the appropriate heraldic devices and imprese linking the individual service with the patron. However, it is likely that these items were reserved for occasional use or display purposes only.\r\nFrom the end of the fifteenth century maiolicaware was often painted with antique narratives known as \"istoriato\".  The depiction of these ancient myths and histories, painted in perspective, echoed the intellectual interests of the period. Indeed, the idea behind such decoration on vessels for eating and drinking may have been that guests would have been able to recognize the stories and characters, which reflected on and flattered their classical learning and erudition.","physicalDescription":"Plate with central shallow concave. In a Roman military camp with several tents, ten soldiers divided in three groups; in the middle Mutius Scaevola burning his hands from a burning urn before Porsena. The reverse  has concentric yellow lines and is inscribed \"MUTIO CHE LA SUE DESTRA ERANTE COCIE\"","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Fontana workshop","id":"A2153"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"x40240"},"note":"probably"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Tin-glazed earthenware (maiolica) painted with colours","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2009CB7434","2017KN2431"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"62","id":"THES49739"},"free":"","case":"CA12","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Dish","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Urbino","id":"x33375"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1540-1550","earliest":"1535-01-01","latest":"1550-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"7","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Diameter","value":"39.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"Mutjo che la Sua destra èrante/ cocie.","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"Mucius who burns his erring right hand","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"Written in blue on the reverse"}],"objectHistory":"Soulages collection, transferred to Circulation in 1909\n\nHistorical significance: From the end of the fifteenth century maiolica was often painted with antique narratives known as \"istoriato\".  The depiction of these ancient myths and histories, painted in perspective, echoed the intellectual interests of the period. Indeed, the idea behind such decoration on vessels for eating and drinking may have been that guests would have been able to recognize the stories and characters, which reflected on and flattered their classical learning and erudition.","historicalContext":"During the sixteenth century the diet of the elite expanded. New ingredients were available from a widening global market and lavish recipes proliferated in the period. For the first time, gastronomic literature became part of the food culture of the wealthy. A number of codified philosophical ideas on manners, cleanliness and hospitality were written revealing a broader preoccupation with behaviour and social status. The introduction of individual vessels, cutlery, napkins, tablecloths and place settings at table also signaled a development in the elite modes of eating and drinking.  It marked a change with the earlier medieval practice of sharing eating implements. For the first time dining \"services\" were produced with individual flatware or plates for those at table. Sets were produced in standard quantities, plates were sold by six or twelve. Clear glass known as cristallino which was often enameled and gilded, produced in Murano, became desirable for drinking vessels. There is evidence to suggest that fine maiolica services may have been displayed on the <i>credenza</i> in the same manner as silver.","briefDescription":"Dish with the story of Mucius Scaevola burning his hand before Porsena; made in Urbino, 1560-70","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Fortnum's catalogue, p. 173"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Elisa Sani, Not in Rackham - 'Italian Renaissance maiolica in the Victoria and Albert Museum – Part 1', in: Keramos 210 (2010), pp. 1-30, cat. 28"}],"production":"Workshop of Guido or Orazio Fontana","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[{"text":"Rome","id":"x37065"}],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Gaius Mucius Scaevola","id":"N4659"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[{"text":"Roman history","id":"x44030"}],"contentLiteraryRefs":["Livy 2:12-13"],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["7167-1860"],"accessionNumberNum":"7167","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1860,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LR1577","2019LT7307","2019LV8877"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2006-12-19","availableToBook":false}}