{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O129410"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O129410/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2007BP9371/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2007BP9371/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2007BP9371","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2007BP9366","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2012FG1343","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2017JX4467","copyright":"©Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O129410/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O129410","accessionNumber":"8403-1863","objectType":"Salt","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"Salts usually formed part of a set of tableware which might include basins, jugs, flasks and dishes of varied shape and size.  The four shells around the central well each would have held a little salt. Elaborate sets of tableware were commissioned by wealthy patrons but tablewares were also given as gifts. Painting decoration onto tin-glazed earthenware was a difficult skill to master. The grotesque decoration used on pieces like this was derived from ancient Roman sources.  Raphael used grotesques as part of the decorative scheme  for the Vatican Loggias around 1519, and the taste for grotesque painting on a white ground became increasingly common thereafter.","physicalDescription":"The salt has a square base.  The top of the object has a central , circular well.  This contains the bust of a man in profile to the left.  Four shells project at each angle below the central well. The four-sides of the main body of the salt are decorated with grotesques composed of semi-human and winged monsters  surrounding cameos of small stick-like figures.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Patanazzi, Alfonso","id":"A18262"},"association":{"text":"painter","id":"AAT25136"},"note":"probably"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"earthenware","id":"x29356"}],"techniques":[{"text":"painted","id":"x30138"},{"text":"glazed","id":"AAT53914"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Glazed earthenware","categories":[{"text":"Ceramics","id":"THES48982"},{"text":"Tableware & cutlery","id":"THES48888"}],"styles":[{"text":"Renaissance","id":"AAT21140"}],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2007BP9371","2007BP9366","2012FG1343","2017JX4467"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"137","id":"THES49876"},"free":"","case":"R1","shelf":"2","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Salt cellar","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Urbino","id":"x33375"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1580-1600","earliest":"1580-01-01","latest":"1600-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"14","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"11","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"11.4","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"0.6","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"The objects was part of the Soulages Collection","historicalContext":"Salts usually formed part of a set of tableware which might include basins, jugs, flasks and dishes of varied shape and size.  Elaborate sets were commissioned by wealthy patrons.  Tablewares could also be given as gifts. Painting decoration onto tin-glazed earthenware was a difficult skill to master. The grotesque decoration used on pieces like this was derived from ancient Roman sources.  Raphael used grotesques as part of the decorative scheme  for the Vatican Loggias around 1519, and the taste for grotesque painting on a white ground became increasingly common.","briefDescription":"Ceramic salt in the form of a square altar with four projecting shells; made in Urbino, Patanazzi workshop, 1580-1600","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Bernard Rackham, Catalogue of Italian Maiolica Volume I (London, HMSO 1977), Catalogue Entry 466 VA.1977.0006"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"Bernard Rackham, Catalogue of Italian Maiolica Volume II (London, HMSO 1977), Plate 73 VA.1977.0007"}],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"shells","id":"x30562"},{"text":"grotesques","id":"AAT10211"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"Object Label (transcribed 16-10-2006)\r\n\r\nSalt-cellar, earthenware\r\nProbably painted by Alfonso Patanazi\r\nItalian (Urbino); about 1580-1600\r\nCat No. 898    8403-1863","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["8403-1863"],"accessionNumberNum":"8403","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1863,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LT5504","2019LU3741"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2006-11-24","availableToBook":false}}