{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O128628"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O128628/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU3751/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2008BU3751/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2008BU3751","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2008BU3700","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O128628/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O128628","accessionNumber":"805-1868","objectType":"Jug","titles":[],"summaryDescription":"This grey salt-glazed stoneware jug known as a Schnabelkanne or Tuellenkanne (spouted jug) is painted with cobalt-blue.  It has applied relief-moulded decoration and is also ornamented with impressed motifs reminiscent of those on tooled leather bookbindings.  The spout-bridge linking the long curved spout to the neck of the jug is moulded with the date '1591' and the initials 'I E'.  The initials are those of the accomplished potter Jan Emens Mennicken (1540-93) who took his moulds with him when he migrated from his former workshop at Raeren to the Westerwald region east of the Rhine.  His workshop continued to use moulds with his initials for many years after his death.  The Westerwald region was rich in sources of fine pottery-making clay ideally suited to fine stonewares which were widely traded.\r\nThe jug has an embossed and engraved hinged silver lid, and the spout has a hinged silver spout-cover.  Such richly-ornamented vessels were used to contain wine on middle-class dining tables.  The main lid could be flicked back to receive wine decanted from a plainer vessel and the spout lid protected the wine until it was needed.  Such jugs were used in conjunction with green forest-glass Berkemeyer glasses or fine Venetian style cristallo glasses.\r\nThe jug was formerly in the Weckherlin Collection, objects from which formed the core of the South Kensington (now V&A) Museum's German stoneware collection on their acquisition in 1868.","physicalDescription":"Slender jug of grey salt-glazed stoneware with narrow neck and round body tapering to a small foot.  It painted in cobalt-blue and impressed with formal garlands and motifs similar to those used on tooled leather bookbindings, and further decorative motifs are supplied by applied moulded reliefs.  A curved handle joins the body in a curl of clay.  An applied crowned and long-haired mask covers the area where the long, gently-curving spout joins the body of the jug and the spout is further supported by being linked to the neck by a spout-bridge.  This spout-bridge is moulded with decoration including the date '1591' on one side and with decoration including the initials 'I E' on the reverse.  The top of the spout is mounted with a hinged spout-cover.  The jug itself has a hinged lid with embossed and engraved Renaissance detail including fruit and masks.","artistMakerPerson":[{"name":{"text":"Emens Mennicken, Jan","id":"A17912"},"association":{"text":"maker","id":"AAT251917"},"note":"workshop of"}],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[],"techniques":[],"materialsAndTechniques":"Salt-glazed stoneware with impressed and applied relief-moulded decoration, with embossed and engraved silver mounts","categories":[{"text":"Stoneware","id":"THES48890"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"CER","id":"THES48594"},"images":["2008BU3751","2008BU3700"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"62 (VA)","id":"THES49739"},"free":"","case":"CA11","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Jug","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Westerwald","id":"x35211"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"1591","earliest":"1591-01-01","latest":"1591-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":""}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"31.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"20.2","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"maximum","note":""},{"dimension":"Depth","value":"12","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Weight","value":"1.12","unit":"kg","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"Measured for the Medieval and Renaissance Galleries","marksAndInscriptions":[{"content":"'1591' and 'IE' monogram, moulded","inscriber":{"name":{"text":"","id":""},"association":{"text":"","id":""}},"date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"description":"","interpretation":"","language":"","medium":"","method":"","position":"","script":"","translation":"","transliteration":"","type":"","note":"'I E' are the initials of Jan Emens Mennicken"}],"objectHistory":"formerly in the Weckherlin Collection","historicalContext":"A jug with a long spout such as this is known in German as a Schnabelkanne or Tuellenkanne (both meaning spouted jug).  Such jugs graced middle class dining tables and were used to contain wine which was protected by the hinged silver lid and smaller silver hinged spout cover.  The wine would be decanted into the jug by flicking back the main lid and it was poured out by lifting the spout cover.  The silver mounts were richly embossed and engraved which, added to the impressed and relief-moulded stoneware decoration, created a sumptuously ornamented vessel for the table.  It was used in conjunction with green forest-glass Berkemeyer glasses or fine Venetian style cristallo glasses, pewter plates and perhaps fine porcelain from China.","briefDescription":"Grey salt-glazed stoneware jug painted in cobalt-blue, decorated with impressed designs and applied moulded reliefs.  Curling handle, and long slightly curved spout with spout-bridge, the latter moulded with '1591' on one side and 'I E' on the reverse.  Embossed and engraved silver hinged lid and spout cover.  German, the Westerwald, workshop of Jan Emens Mennicken, 1591.","bibliographicReferences":[{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"O. von Falke, Das rheinische Steinzeug, 1908, vol.II"},{"reference":{"text":"","id":""},"details":"","free":"W. van Weckherlin, Vases en gres des XVIe et XVIIe siecles"}],"production":"Probably made in Grenzau or Grenzhausen in the Westerwald region, east of the Rhine","productionType":{"text":"","id":""},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[],"partNumbers":["805-1868"],"accessionNumberNum":"805","accessionNumberPrefix":"","accessionYear":1868,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":["2019LV1900","2019LW8826"],"recordModificationDate":"2025-04-09","recordCreationDate":"2006-10-16","availableToBook":false}}