{"meta":{"version":"2.1","_links":{"self":{"href":"https://api.vam.ac.uk/v2/object/O128248"},"collection_page":{"href":"https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O128248/"}},"images":{"_primary_thumbnail":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BK4651/full/!100,100/0/default.jpg","_iiif_image":"https://framemark.vam.ac.uk/collections/2006BK4651/","_alt_iiif_image":[],"imageResolution":"high","_images_meta":[{"assetRef":"2006BK4651","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false},{"assetRef":"2019LV4283","copyright":"© Victoria and Albert Museum, London","sensitiveImage":false}]},"see_also":{"_iiif_pres":"https://iiif.vam.ac.uk/collections/O128248/manifest.json","_alt_iiif_pres":[]}},"record":{"systemNumber":"O128248","accessionNumber":"REPRO.A.1916-3164","objectType":"Arcading","titles":[{"title":"Porte de la Vierge","type":"generic title"}],"summaryDescription":"The original arcading is part of the Porte de la Vièrge (Door of Light) in Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. The small panel to the far left under the arches is a representation of Terra (the Earth). Next is the beheading of John the Baptist, then the stoning of St Stephen, a scene from the life of St Geneviève and finally the figure of Pope Leo III. The cast was made in France and given to this Museum by the Architectural Association in 1916.","physicalDescription":"Plaster cast of arcading from the Porte de la Vièrge that contains small reliefs under each arch representing (from the left), Terra, the Beheading of John the Baptist, the Stoning of St Stephen, a scene concerning St Genevieve, and the figure of Pope Leo III.","artistMakerPerson":[],"artistMakerOrganisations":[],"artistMakerPeople":[],"materials":[{"text":"plaster","id":"AAT14922"},{"text":"paint","id":"AAT15029"}],"techniques":[{"text":"casting","id":"AAT53104"},{"text":"painting","id":"x30598"}],"materialsAndTechniques":"Painted plaster cast","categories":[{"text":"Architecture","id":"THES48993"},{"text":"Sculpture","id":"THES48896"},{"text":"Plaster Cast","id":"THES270451"},{"text":"Architectural fittings","id":"THES48994"}],"styles":[],"collectionCode":{"text":"SCP","id":"THES48600"},"images":["2006BK4651","2019LV4283"],"imageResolution":"high","galleryLocations":[{"current":{"text":"46A (VA)","id":"THES49799"},"free":"","case":"WS","shelf":"","box":""}],"partTypes":[[{"text":"Copy of Arcading","id":""}]],"contentWarnings":[{"apprise":"","note":""}],"placesOfOrigin":[{"place":{"text":"Paris","id":"x29068"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Copy"}],"productionDates":[{"date":{"text":"ca. 1850-1900","earliest":"1845-01-01","latest":"1900-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Copy"},{"date":{"text":"ca. 1210-1220","earliest":"1205-01-01","latest":"1220-12-31"},"association":{"text":"made","id":"x28654"},"note":"Original"}],"associatedObjects":[],"creditLine":"Given by the Architectural Association","dimensions":[{"dimension":"Height","value":"272","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""},{"dimension":"Width","value":"358.5","unit":"cm","qualifier":"","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null},"part":"","note":""}],"dimensionsNote":"","marksAndInscriptions":[],"objectHistory":"Cast of arcading from the Porte de la Vièrge created in plaster in Paris about 1850-1900 and given by the Architectural Association in 1916. The cast is of arches under which are small panels with reliefs. The original was by an unknown artist in stone and made in about 1210-20.\n","historicalContext":"Making plaster copies is a centuries-old tradition that reached the height of its popularity during the 19th century. The V&A's casts are of large-scale architectural and sculptural works as well as small scale, jewelled book covers and ivory plaques, these last known as fictile ivories. \r\n\r\nThe Museum commissioned casts directly from makers and acquired others in exchange. Oronzio Lelli, of Florence was a key overseas supplier while, in London, Giovanni Franchi and Domenico Brucciani upheld a strong Italian tradition as highly-skilled mould-makers, or formatori.\r\n\r\nSome casts are highly accurate depictions of original works, whilst others are more selective, replicating the outer surface of the original work, rather than its whole structure. Like a photograph, they record the moment the cast was taken: alterations, repairs and the wear and tear of age are all reproduced in the copies. The plasters can also be re-worked, so that their appearance differs slightly from the original from which they were taken.\r\n\r\nTo make a plaster cast, a negative mould has to be taken of the original object. The initial mould could be made from one of several ways. A flexible mould could be made by mixing wax with gutta-percha, a rubbery latex product taken from tropical trees. These two substances formed a mould that had a slightly elastic quality, so that it could easily be removed from the original object. Moulds were also made from gelatine, plaster or clay, and could then be used to create a plaster mould to use for casting. \r\nWhen mixed with water, plaster can be poured into a prepared mould, allowed to set, and can be removed to produce a finished solid form. The moulds are coated with a separating or paring agent to prevent the newly poured plaster sticking to them. The smooth liquid state and slight expansion while setting allowed the quick drying plaster to infill even the most intricate contours of a mould. \r\nFlatter, smaller objects in low relief usually require only one mould to cast the object. For more complex objects, with a raised surface, the mould would have to be made from a number of sections, known as piece-moulds. These pieces are held together in the so-called mother-mould, in order to create a mould of the whole object. Once the object has been cast from this mother-mould, the piece-moulds can be easily removed one by one, to create a cast of the three-dimensional object.","briefDescription":"Plaster cast of arcading from the Porte de la Vierge that contains a small relief under each arch. The original was made by an unknown artist in about 1210-20.","bibliographicReferences":[],"production":"","productionType":{"text":"Copy","id":"THES48865"},"contentDescription":"","contentPlaces":[],"associatedPlaces":[],"contentPerson":[{"text":"Terra","id":"N5134"},{"text":"Genevieve (Saint)","id":"N597"},{"text":"John (Saint John the Baptist)","id":"N450"},{"text":"Stephen (Saint)","id":"N503"},{"text":"Leo III (Pope)","id":"N5131"}],"associatedPerson":[],"contentOrganisations":[],"associatedOrganisations":[],"contentPeople":[],"associatedPeople":[],"contentEvents":[{"text":"Beheading of John the Baptist","id":"V319"},{"text":"The Stoning of St Stephen","id":"V123"}],"associatedEvents":[],"contentOthers":[{"text":"arcading","id":"AAT236995"}],"contentConcepts":[],"contentLiteraryRefs":[],"galleryLabels":[{"text":"2. Cast of\r\nUnknown artist\r\nArcading\r\nAbout 1210–20\n\nThe original arcading is part of the Porte de la Vièrge (Door of Light) in Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. The small panel to the far left under the arches is a representation of Terra (the Earth). Next is the beheading of John the Baptist, then the stoning of St Stephen, a scene from the life of St Geneviève and finally the figure of Pope Leo III. The cast was made in France and given to this Museum by the Architectural Association in 1916.\n\nCast\r\nAbout 1850–1900\r\nPainted plaster\r\nParis, France\r\nGiven by the Architectural Association in 1916\r\nMuseum no. Repro.A.1916-3164\n\nOriginal\r\nStone\r\nNotre-Dame Cathedral, Paris","date":{"text":"04/07/2018","earliest":"2018-07-04","latest":"2018-07-04"}},{"text":"The small panels in relief within the arcading represent (from the left), Terra (the Earth), the Beheading of John the Baptist, the Stoning of St Stephen, a scene from the life of St Geneviève, and Pope Leo III. The cast is taken from the Porte de la Vière (portal of light) in the great gothic cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. They are from a collection of architectural plaster casts given to the Museum by the Architectural Association in 1916. French gothic architecture was an inspiration to many British architects of the 19th century.\r\n\r\nHolly Trusted","date":{"text":"","earliest":null,"latest":null}}],"partNumbers":["REPRO.A.1916-3164"],"accessionNumberNum":"3164","accessionNumberPrefix":"REPRO.A","accessionYear":1916,"otherNumbers":[],"copyNumber":"","aspects":["WHOLE"],"assets":[],"recordModificationDate":"2025-09-17","recordCreationDate":"2006-10-03","availableToBook":false}}